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Involvement of catecholaminergic neurons in motor innervation of striated muscle in the mouse esophagus

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Abstract

Enteric co-innervation is a peculiar innervation pattern of striated esophageal musculature. Both anatomical and functional data on enteric co-innervation related to various transmitters have been collected in different species, although its function remains enigmatic. However, it is unclear whether catecholaminergic components are involved in such a co-innervation. Thus, we examined to identify catecholaminergic neuronal elements and clarify their relationship to other innervation components in the esophagus, using immunohistochemistry with antibodies against tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT), choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and protein gene product 9.5 (PGP 9.5), α-bungarotoxin (α-BT) and PCR with primers for amplification of cDNA encoding TH and dopamine-β-hydroxylase (DBH). TH-positive nerve fibers were abundant throughout the myenteric plexus and localized on about 14 % of α-BT-labelled motor endplates differing from VAChT-positive vagal nerve terminals. TH-positive perikarya represented a subpopulation of only about 2.8 % of all PGP 9.5-positive myenteric neurons. Analysis of mRNA showed both TH and DBH transcripts in the mouse esophagus. As ChAT-positive neurons in the compact formation of the nucleus ambiguus were negative for TH, the TH-positive nerve varicosities on motor endplates are presumably of enteric origin, although a sympathetic origin cannot be excluded. In the medulla oblongata, the cholinergic ambiguus neurons were densely supplied with TH-positive varicosities. Thus, catecholamines may modulate vagal motor innervation of esophageal-striated muscles not only at the peripheral level via enteric co-innervation but also at the central level via projections to the nucleus ambiguus. As Parkinson’s disease, with a loss of central dopaminergic neurons, also affects the enteric nervous system and dysphagia is prevalent in patients with this disease, investigation of intrinsic catecholamines in the esophagus may be worthwhile to understand such a symptom.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are indebted to Karin Löschner, Stephanie Link, Andrea Hilpert, Anita Hecht and Hedwig Symowski for their expert technical assistance. Special thanks go to an anonymous reviewer for his valuable comments and suggestions to improve the quality of the manuscript. The present work was performed in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg for obtaining the degree “Dr. rer. biol. hum.” This study was supported by DFG NE 534/3-1.

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  1. Institute of Anatomy I, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Krankenhausstrasse 9, 91054, Erlangen, Germany

    Piet van der Keylen, Ruth Steigleder, Daniel Sommer, Winfried L. Neuhuber & Jürgen Wörl

  2. Institute of Anatomy II, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsstrasse 19, 91054, Erlangen, Germany

    Fabian Garreis

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  1. Piet van der Keylen
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van der Keylen, P., Garreis, F., Steigleder, R. et al. Involvement of catecholaminergic neurons in motor innervation of striated muscle in the mouse esophagus. Histochem Cell Biol 145, 573–585 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00418-015-1403-6

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