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Protein levels of ADAM10, BACE1, and PSEN1 in platelets and leukocytes of Alzheimer’s disease patients

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Abstract

The clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a probabilistic formulation that may lack accuracy particularly at early stages of the dementing process. Abnormalities in amyloid-beta precursor protein (APP) metabolism and in the level of APP secretases have been demonstrated in platelets, and to a lesser extent in leukocytes, of AD patients, with conflicting results. The aim of the present study was to compare the protein level of the APP secretases A-disintegrin and metalloprotease 10 (ADAM10), Beta-site APP-cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1), and presenilin-1 (PSEN1) in platelets and leukocytes from 20 non-medicated older adults with AD and 20 healthy elders, and to determine the potential use of these biomarkers to discriminate cases of AD from controls. The protein levels of all APP secretases were significantly higher in platelets compared to leukocytes. We found statistically a significant decrease in ADAM10 (52.5%, p < 0.0001) and PSEN1 (32%, p = 0.02) in platelets from AD patients compared to controls, but not in leukocytes. Combining all three secretases to generate receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves, we found a good discriminatory effect (AD vs. controls) when using platelets (the area under the curve—AUC—0.90, sensitivity 88.9%, specificity 66.7%, p = 0.003), but not in leukocytes (AUC 0.65, sensitivity 77.8%, specificity 50.0%, p = 0.2). Our findings indicate that platelets represent a better biological matrix than leukocytes to address the peripheral level of APP secretases. In addition, combining the protein level of ADAM10, BACE1, and PSEN1 in platelets, yielded a good accuracy to discriminate AD from controls.

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Acknowledgements

Financial support: FAPESP (Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa de São Paulo, Grant nos 2013/20695-3 and 2009/52825-8), CNPq (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, Project 554535/2005-0), and ABADHS (Associação Beneficente Alzira Denise Hertzog da Silva).

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  1. Laboratorio de Neurociencias (LIM-27), Departamento e Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da USP (HCFMUSP), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Rua Doutor Ovídio Pires de Campos 785, São Paulo, SP, 05403-010, Brazil

    Jessyka Maria de França Bram, Leda Leme Talib, Helena Passarelli Giroud Joaquim, Tamires Alves Sarno, Wagner Farid Gattaz & Orestes Vicente Forlenza

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  1. Jessyka Maria de França Bram
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Correspondence to Orestes Vicente Forlenza.

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Bram, J.M.F., Talib, L.L., Joaquim, H.P.G. et al. Protein levels of ADAM10, BACE1, and PSEN1 in platelets and leukocytes of Alzheimer’s disease patients. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 269, 963–972 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00406-018-0905-3

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