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Fabrication and characterization of PCL@PAN nanofibrous scaffold containing nature-derived oyster shell for bone tissue engineering applications

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Abstract

Bone tissue engineering is developed over decades and various materials and techniques are introduced to produce an improved scaffold for bone growth and regeneration. The polymeric scaffolds composed of bioceramics are prospective candidates for treating bone defects. The applications of coaxial electrospinning in tissue engineering are growing due to the increased functionality of the fibrous scaffolds compared to basic electrospinning. In this study, a biodegradable and biocompatible polycaprolactone (PCL)/polyacrylonitrile (PAN) core–shell nanofibrous structure composed of oyster shell (OS) as a bioceramic has been used to prepare a new scaffold for bone tissue engineering. The adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) were cultured on the fabricated scaffolds to examine their potential for cell support, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation. (1) The electrospun nanofibers present a highly porous with interconnected pore structure. (2) There was no cytotoxicity of the prepared scaffolds towards ADMSCs. (3) The ADMSCs cultured on the PCL@PAN/OS scaffold present a higher level of biomineralization analyzed by calcium content and alizarin red S assays. (4) In addition, it shows the highest osteocalcin, ALP, and Runx2 gene expression. The excellent biological properties of the core–shell PCL@PAN/OS nanofibrous structure have been promising to have potential applications in bone tissue engineering.

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The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon request.

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Acknowledgements

Hereby, we extend our gratitude to the stem cell technology research center. The authors are grateful to Dr. Iman Rad and Mr. Jafar Meghdadi for their technical support.

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  1. Stem Cell Technology Research Center (STRC), Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran

    Elaheh Esmaeili, Roghaieh Didekhani, Zahra Gohari & Mahsa Khalili

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EE: conceptualization, project administration, supervision, resources, formal analysis, validation, writing. RD: investigation, methodology, validation, visualization. ZG: investigation, methodology, writing—original draft. MK: investigation, methodology, writing—original draft.

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Esmaeili, E., Didekhani, R., Gohari, Z. et al. Fabrication and characterization of PCL@PAN nanofibrous scaffold containing nature-derived oyster shell for bone tissue engineering applications. Appl. Phys. A 129, 670 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-023-06943-0

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