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Spindle bearing fault detection in high-speed milling machines in non-stationary conditions

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Abstract

Vibration monitoring of CNC high-speed machining (HSM) centers under non-stationary conditions, characterized by varying operating parameters and uncertainties affected by the change of speed and load during operation currently presents a particular challenge. Therefore, bearing condition monitoring is important. Indeed, this variation has a considerable impact on the vibratory response delivered by the accelerometers and therefore can mask any fault. The change in speed causes considerable changes in the spectrum of the vibration such that defect signatures become almost undetectable with conventional tools. The order tracking method based on time–frequency representation is regarded as an effective tool for fault detection of bearings with varying rotating speeds. This study aims to propose non-stationary tools based on tachometer order tracking to detect bearing faults in high-speed milling centers during run-up and coast-down conditions. Developed tools are compared to stationary technics in this study, remaining limited to detect faults. Indeed, the speed variation would cause spectrum smearing if classic tools are used in non-stationary conditions. These latter methods are based on constant rotating speed and would fail to detect faults of bearings with variable spindle rotating speeds.

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Acknowledgements

The author would like to thank the Ecole de Technologie Supérieure’s Products, Processes, and Systems Engineering Laboratory in Montréal and Marc Thomas for their technical collaboration.

Funding

Funding for this project was offered by the research laboratory LASPI of Jean Monnet University in France. The author would like to thank the Ecole de Technologie Supérieure in Montréal (Canada) and Professor Marc Thomas for their technical collaboration in the products, processes, and systems engineering Laboratory.

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  1. University of Lyon, Jean Monnet Saint Etienne University, IUT de Roanne, LASPI, Roanne, France

    Mourad Lamraoui

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The author has totally contributed to realizing this work, starting from the state of the art, the experimental part until the development and analysis of the results.

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Correspondence to Mourad Lamraoui.

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Lamraoui, M. Spindle bearing fault detection in high-speed milling machines in non-stationary conditions. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 124, 1253–1271 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-022-10577-6

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