Abstract
Hydraulically connected wetland microcosms vegetated with either Typha latifolia or Myriophyllum aquaticum were amended with an NH4NO3 and permethrin mixture to assess the effectiveness of both plant species in mitigating effects of the pollutant mixture on phytoplankton (as chlorophyll a) and Hyalella azteca. Phytoplankton grew in response to increased NH4NO3 in the presence of all plant species, but was unaffected by exposure to permethrin. H. azteca responses occurred rapidly (0.17 days), was mitigated within 1–2 days, and aqueous toxicity was unaffected by plant species type. A toxic unit model approach ascertained primary toxicity was permethrin with minimal additional toxicity from NH4NO3. Varying aquatic plant species had only modest influences on phytoplankton responses and no observable influence on animal responses during nitrogen-permethrin mixture exposures. As a result, both T. latifolia and M. aquaticum can be used as part of an effective agricultural best-management practice system for mitigating pollutant impacts of agricultural run-off.
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Acknowledgements
The authors wish to thank John Massey for assistance with logistics and sample collection. We also thank Lisa Brooks and Renée Russell for assistance with nutrient and pesticide analysis. Mention of equipment, computer programs, or a chemical does not constitute an endorsement for use by the US Department of Agriculture nor does it imply pesticide registration under FIFRA as amended. The US Department of Agriculture is an equal opportunity employer.
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Lizotte, R.E., Moore, M.T. Do Varying Aquatic Plant Species Affect Phytoplankton and Crustacean Responses to a Nitrogen-Permethrin Mixture?. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 98, 58–64 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-016-1978-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-016-1978-1