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Designing future peanut: the power of genomics-assisted breeding

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Abstract

Key message

Integrating GAB methods with high-throughput phenotyping, genome editing, and speed breeding hold great potential in designing future smart peanut cultivars to meet market and food supply demands.

Abstract

Cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.), a legume crop greatly valued for its nourishing food, cooking oil, and fodder, is extensively grown worldwide. Despite decades of classical breeding efforts, the actual on-farm yield of peanut remains below its potential productivity due to the complicated interplay of genotype, environment, and management factors, as well as their intricate interactions. Integrating modern genomics tools into crop breeding is necessary to fast-track breeding efficiency and rapid progress. When combined with speed breeding methods, this integration can substantially accelerate the breeding process, leading to faster access of improved varieties to farmers. Availability of high-quality reference genomes for wild diploid progenitors and cultivated peanuts has accelerated the process of gene/quantitative locus discovery, developing markers and genotyping assays as well as a few molecular breeding products with improved resistance and oil quality. The use of new breeding tools, e.g., genomic selection, haplotype-based breeding, speed breeding, high-throughput phenotyping, and genome editing, is probable to boost genetic gains in peanut. Moreover, renewed attention to efficient selection and exploitation of targeted genetic resources is also needed to design high-quality and high-yielding peanut cultivars with main adaptation attributes. In this context, the combination of genomics-assisted breeding (GAB), genome editing, and speed breeding hold great potential in designing future improved peanut cultivars to meet market and food supply demands.

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Data availability

Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no datasets were generated or analyzed during the current study. This is a review paper; all resources used are cited correctly.

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Acknowledgements

We are thankful to the researchers whose contributions have been cited in this review, which have helped us prepare this review paper.

Funding

This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China to WZ, CZ, and HC, and also from the Food Futures Institute of Murdoch University to RKV.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Center of Legume Crop Genetics and Systems Biology, Oil Crops Research Institute, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, 350002, China

    Ali Raza, Hua Chen, Chong Zhang, Yasir Sharif, Tiecheng Cai, Qiang Yang & Weijian Zhuang

  2. College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, 350002, China

    Yuhui Zhuang

  3. Center of Excellence in Genomics and Systems Biology (CEGSB), International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, 502324, India

    Pooja Soni & Manish K. Pandey

  4. WA State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Centre for Crop and Food Innovation, Food Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, 6150, Australia

    Rajeev K. Varshney

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  1. Ali Raza
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  2. Hua Chen
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Contributions

WZ, RKV, and AR conceived the idea. AR wrote the manuscript and designed the table and figures. CZ, HC, YZ, YS, and PS helped with the literature search. AR, CZ, HC, YZ, MKP, RKV, and WZ reviewed and edited the manuscript. All authors have read and approved the final version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Rajeev K. Varshney or Weijian Zhuang.

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Communicated by Reyazul Rouf Mir.

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Raza, A., Chen, H., Zhang, C. et al. Designing future peanut: the power of genomics-assisted breeding. Theor Appl Genet 137, 66 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-024-04575-3

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