Abstract
As a sequel to previous work, we extend the study of the ground state configuration of the D = 3, Wilson-Fisher conformal O(4) model. In this work, we prove that for generic ratios of two charge densities, ρ1/ρ2, the ground-state configuration is inhomogeneous and that the inhomogeneity expresses itself towards longer spatial periods. This is the direct extension of the similar statements we previously made for ρ1/ρ2 ≪ 1. We also compute, at fixed set of charges, ρ1, ρ2, the ground state energy and the two-point function(s) associated with this inhomogeneous configuration on the torus. The ground state energy was found to scale (ρ1 + ρ2)3/2, as dictated by dimensional analysis and similarly to the case of the O(2) model. Unlike the case of the O(2) model, the ground also strongly violates cluster decomposition in the large-volume, fixed-density limit, with a two-point function that is negative definite at antipodal points of the torus at leading order at large charge.
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Hellerman, S., Kobayashi, N., Maeda, S. et al. Observables in inhomogeneous ground states at large global charge. J. High Energ. Phys. 2021, 79 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP08(2021)079
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP08(2021)079