Abstract
The 3d Ising model in the low temperature (ferromagnetic) phase describes dynamics of two-dimensional surfaces — domain walls between clusters of parallel spins. The Kramers-Wannier duality maps these surfaces into worldsheets of confining strings in the Wegner’s ℤ2 gauge theory. We study the excitation spectrum of long Ising strings by simulating the ℤ2 gauge theory on a lattice. We observe a strong mixing between string excitations and the lightest glueball state and do not find indications for light massive resonances on the string worldsheet.
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Acknowledgments
We thank Ofer Aharony, Victor Gorbenko, Michele Caselle, Nabil Iqbal and Yifan Wang for fruitful discussions. This work is supported in part by the NSF grant PHY-2210349, by the BSF grant 2018068 and by the Simons Collaboration on Confinement and QCD Strings. The work of CL is partly supported by funding resources from NYU physics department, and the simulation is run on NYU Greene cluster.
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Athenodorou, A., Dubovsky, S., Luo, C. et al. Excitations of Ising strings on a lattice. J. High Energ. Phys. 2023, 82 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP05(2023)082
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP05(2023)082