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Rhizodeposits: An Essential Component for Microbial Interactions in Rhizosphere

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Re-visiting the Rhizosphere Eco-system for Agricultural Sustainability

Part of the book series: Rhizosphere Biology ((RHBIO))

Abstract

Rhizodeposits are essential rhizosphere-associated constituents synthesized by plants that support various biological and physiochemical activities in soil. They significantly influence microbial root colonization capacity, multiplication of rhizosphere microorganisms, soil microbial activity, soil health and secretion of organic bioactive compounds. Root exudates are a group of vitally important compounds with multifarious functions and are released from the living plant roots. They are a complex group of substances secreted by plant roots consisting of low molecular and high molecular weight constituents. The root exudate composition reflects the opposing-associating trait of plants towards rhizosphere microorganisms. These rhizosphere microorganisms produce a wide range of antibiotics that provide a defence to the host plants against a number of phytopathogens. The root exudates, produced as a part of the rhizodeposition process, exert a direct impact on the biogeochemical cycling of carbon and nitrogen. They help in modulating organic matter decomposition in soil by altering the microbial communities involved in the decomposition of soil organic matter and also affect the soil nitrification process. Root exudates are well known for their activity as chemoattractant and signalling molecules for successful interactions between plant and rhizosphere microorganisms. Thus, the current chapter will elaborate on the various roles of root exudates in plant-microbe interaction and rhizosphere functioning, the mechanism of root exudates and the molecular insights of the root exudation process.

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  1. Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Resource Management and Environment Section, Life Sciences Division, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology (IASST), Guwahati, Assam, India

    Madhurankhi Goswami & Suresh Deka

  2. Life Sciences Division, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Cotton University, Guwahati, Assam, India

    Madhurankhi Goswami

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  1. Plant-Microbe Interaction & Rhizosphere Biology Lab, ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Kushmaur, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Udai B. Singh

  2. Department of Mycology and Plant Pathology (BHU-KVK), Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, RG South Campus, Mirzapur, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Jai P. Rai

  3. Department of Biological Sciences, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India

    Anil K. Sharma

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Goswami, M., Deka, S. (2022). Rhizodeposits: An Essential Component for Microbial Interactions in Rhizosphere. In: Singh, U.B., Rai, J.P., Sharma, A.K. (eds) Re-visiting the Rhizosphere Eco-system for Agricultural Sustainability. Rhizosphere Biology. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-4101-6_7

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