Abstract
Agricultural activity produces many lignocellulosic biomass wastes, which are renewable carbon sources for biochemical processes. In dark fermentation, acidogenic bacteria use hemicellulosic waste to produce biohydrogen as an alternative source of renewable energy that minimizes environmental problems. Few studies have used hemicellulose fraction for biohydrogen production in continuous or semicontinuous reactors despite the extensive research on dark fermentation. Continuous reactors allow evaluation of the stability and performance of biohydrogen production in large-scale applications. However, the recalcitrance of molecules that make up the lignocellulosic structure hinders its bioconversion, and pretreatment methods are necessary to improve the accessibility to the lignocellulosic materials. Hydrothermal pretreatment stands out for its high efficiency and lower energy consumption, releasing pentoses from hemicellulose fraction. Depending on metabolic pathways followed by microorganisms for biohydrogen production, the yield obtained from xylose with acetic or butyric acids as the primary metabolite can reach 3.33 or 1.67 mol H2/mol pentose, respectively. The pentose-rich hemicellulose fraction of the hydrothermally pretreated sugarcane straw (C5 fraction) was used to feed a bench reactor that operated at 35 °C, in semicontinuous mode, with hydraulic retention time of 48 h, and thermally pretreated anaerobic sludge. The reactor attained maximum yield with the C5 fraction fed at 5.0 g COD/L.d (1.53 mol H2/mol total reducing sugar). This best performance may be due to the components of the C5 fraction, which acted as nutrients and buffering agents. However, analysis of the microbial community found a decrease in microbial diversity and richness throughout the reactor operation.
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Acknowledgements
This work was supported by grants from the Brazilian National Council for Research and Development (CNPq), and Carlos Chagas Filho Foundation for Research Support in the State of Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ). Authors are also thankful to the Bioethanol Laboratory of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro for the hydrothermal pretreatment of sugarcane straw.
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Silva, F.G., da Silva Liduino, V., Ferreira-Leitão, V.S., Cammarota, M.C. (2022). Biohydrogen from Pentose-Rich Lignocellulosic Biomass Hydrolysate. In: Kuddus, M., Yunus, G., Ramteke, P.W., Molina, G. (eds) Organic Waste to Biohydrogen. Clean Energy Production Technologies. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-1995-4_5
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