Skip to main content

Scale-Up Production of Bioactive Compounds Using Bioreactors

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Nutraceuticals Production from Plant Cell Factory

Abstract

The increased demand for plant secondary metabolites by the pharmaceutical, food, flavor, beverage, and cosmetic industries has necessitated the rapid and mass production of these metabolites using in vitro plant culture systems. Bioreactors provided a suitable alternative to conventional plant culture by facilitating large-scale propagation of plants and production of secondary metabolites. Bioreactors proved to be effective plant culture systems which are genetically stable, low cost, easy to operate, and fully automated. Bioreactors play a very important role in medicinal plant industry and have evolved over time. At present, a variety of bioreactor configurations are available each customized for specific plant cell/tissue so that a stable optimum yield of bioactives is obtained. The chapter discusses briefly about the use of bioreactors in scaling up the production of secondary metabolites, different categories and designs of bioreactors available, factors on which bioreactor function depends, and the different crops in which bioreactor scaling up is attempted.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 149.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 199.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 199.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Ahmed S, Hahn EJ, Paek KY (2008) Aeration volume and photosynthetic photon flux affect cell growth and secondary metabolite contents in bioreactor cultures of Morindacitrifolia. J Plant Biol 51(3):209–212

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ahuja A, Tripathi MK, Singh SP (2016) Plant cell cultures-an efficient resource for the production of biologically important metabolites: recent developments—a review. Progressive Res 11(1):1–8

    Google Scholar 

  • Aumont V, Larronde F, Richard T, Budzinski H, Decendit A, Deeux G, Krisa S, Mérillon J-M (2004) Production of highly 13C-labeled polyphenols in Vitis vinifera cell bioreactor cultures. J Biotechnol 109:287–294

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bais HP, Suresh B, Ramachandra Rao S, Raghavarao KSMS, Ravishankar GA (2002) Performance of Cichorium intybus hairy root cultures in various bioreactor configurations. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Plant 38:573–580

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bauer N, Vuković R, Likić S et al (2015) Potential of different Coleus blumei tissues for rosmarinic acid production. Food Technol Biotechnol 53(1):3–10

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Biondi S, Scaramagli S, Oksman-Caldentey KM, Poli F (2002) Secondary metabolism in root and caallus cultures of Hyoscyamus muticus L: the relationship between morphological organization and response to methyl jasmonate. Plant Sci 163:563–569

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bourgaud F, Gravot A, Milesi S, Gonteir E (2001) Production of plant secondary metabolites: a historical perspective. Plant Sci 161:839–851

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chan LK, Koay SS, Boey PL, Bhatt A (2010) Effects of abiotic stress on biomass and anthocyanin production in cell cultures of Melastoma malabathricum. Biol Res 43:127–135

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chastang T, Pozzobon V, Taidi B, Courot E, Clément C, Pareau D (2018) Resveratrol production by grapevine cells in fed-batch bioreactor: experiments and modelling. Biochem Eng J 131:9–16

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cuello JL, Walker PN, Curtis WR (1991) Am. Soc. Agric. Eng. Winter Meet., Chicago, pp 17–20

    Google Scholar 

  • Cui XH, Chakrabarty D, Lee EJ, Paek KY (2011) Production of adventitious roots and secondary metabolites by Hypericum perforatum L. in a bioreactor. Bioresour Technol 101(12):4708–4716

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Denchev PD, Kuklin AI, Scragg AH (1992) Somatic embryo production in bioreactors. J Biotechnol 26:99–109

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Flores HE, Curtis WR (1992) Approaches to understanding and manipulating the biosynthetic potential of plant roots. Ann N Y Acad Sci 665(1):188–209

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Furuya T, Yoshikawa T, Orihara Y, Oda H (1984) Studies of the culture conditions for Panax ginseng cells in jar fermentors. J Nat Prod 47(1):70–75

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Grzegorczyk I, Wysokinska H (2011) Antioxidant compounds in Salvia officinalis L. shoot and hairy root cultures in the nutrient sprinkle bioreactor. Acta Soc Bot Pol 79(1):7–10

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Grzegorczyk-Karolak I, Rytczak P, Bielecki S, Wysokinska H (2017) The influence of liquid systems for shoot multiplication, secondary metabolite production and plant regeneration of Scutellariaalpina. Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult 128:479–486

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • He Y, Ning T, Xie T, Qiu Q, Zhang L, Sun Y, Jiang D, Fu K, Yin F, Zhang W, Shen L, Wang H, Li J, Lin Q, Sun Y, Li H, Zhu Y, Yanga D (2011) Large-scale production of functional human serum albumin from transgenic rice seeds. Proc Natl Acad Sci 108(47):19078–19083

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Hilton MG, Rhodes MJC (1990) Growth and hyoscyamine production of ‘hairy root’ cultures of Datura stramonium in a modified stirred tank reactor. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 33(2):132–138

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Huang SY, Hung CH, Chou SN (2004) Innovative strategies for operation of mist trickling reactors for enhanced hairy root proliferation and secondary metabolite productivity. Enzym Microb Technol 35(1):22–32

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ibrahim R (2015) The potential of bioreactor technology for large-scale plant micropropagation. In: VI International symposium on production and establishment of micropropagated plants, vol 1155, pp 573–584

    Google Scholar 

  • Inomata S, Yokoyama M, Gozu Y, Shimizu T, Yanagi M (1993) Growth pattern and ginsenoside production of Agrobacterium-transformed Panax ginseng roots. Plant Cell Rep 12(12):681–686

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jeong JA, Wu CH, Murthy HN, Hahn EJ, Paek KY (2009) Application of an airlift bioreactor system for the production of adventitious root biomass and caffeic acid derivatives of Echinacea purpurea. Biotechnol Bioprocess Eng 14(1):91–98

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kim YJ, Weathers PJ, Wyslouzil BE (2003) Growth dynamics of Artemisia annua hairy roots in three culture systems. Biotechnol Bioeng 83:428–443

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lee KT, Suzuki T, Yamakawa T, Kodama T, Igarashi Y, Shimomura K (1999) Production of tropane alkaloids by transformed root cultures of Atropa belladonna in stirred bioreactors with a stainless steel net. Plant Cell Rep 18(7–8):567–571

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Muranaka T, Ohkawa H, Yamada Y (1992) Scopolamine release into media by Duboisialeichhardtii hairy root clones. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 37(5):554–559

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Paek KY, Hahn EJ, Son SH (2001) Application of bioreactors of large scale micropropagation systems of plants. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Plant 37:149–157

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Paek KY, Chakrabarty D, Hahn EJ (2005) Application of bioreactor systems for large scale production of horticultural and medicinal plants. In: Liquid culture systems for in vitro plant propagation. Springer, Dordrecht, pp 95–116

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Patra N, Srivastava AK (2014) Enhanced production of Artemisinin by hairy root cultivation of Artemisia annua in a modified stirred tank reactor. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 174:2209–2222

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Preil W (2005) General introduction: a personal reflection on the use of liquid media for in vitro culture. In: Liquid culture systems for in vitro plant propagation. Springer, Dordrecht, pp 1–18

    Google Scholar 

  • Rhodes MJC, Hilton M, Parr AJ, Hamill JD, Robins RJ (1986) Nicotine production by “hairy root” cultures of Nicotiana rustica: fermentation and product recovery. Biotechnol Lett 8(6):415–420

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sajc L, Grubisic D, Vunjak-Novakovic G (2000) Bioreactors for plant engineering: an outlook for further research. Biochem Eng J 4(2):89–99

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sitarek P, Kowalczyk T, Picot L, Michalska-Hejduk D, Bijak M, Białas A, Wielanek M, Śliwiński T, Skała E (2018) Growth of Leonurus sibiricus L. roots with over-expression of AtPAP1 transcriptional factor inclosed bioreactor, production of bioactive phenolic compounds and evaluation of their biological activity. Ind Crop Prod 122:732–739

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Smolenskaya I, Reshetnyak O, Nosov A, Zoriniants S, Chaiko A, Smirnova Y (2007) Ginsenoside production, growth and cytogenetic characteristics of sustained Panax japonicus var. repens cell suspension culture. Biol Plant 51:235–241

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Souret FF, Kim Y, Wyslouzil BE, Wobbe KK, Weathers PJ (2003) Scale-up of Artemisia annua L. hairy root cultures produces complex patterns of terpenoid gene expression. Biotechnol Bioeng 83:653–667

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Takayama S, Misawa M (1981) Mass propagation of begonia x hiemalis plantlet by shake culture. Plant Cell Physiol 22:461–467

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Thakore D, Srivastava AK, Sinha AK (2017) Mass production of Ajmalicine by bioreactor cultivation of hairy roots of Catharanthus roseus. Biochem Eng J 119:84–91

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Toivonen L, Balsevich J, Kurz WGW (1989) Indole alkaloid production by hairy root cultures of Catharanthus roseus. Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult 18:79–93

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Weremczuk-Jeźyna I, Kochan E, Szymczyk P et al (2019) The antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of phenol rich extracts of Dracocephalum forrestii W. W. Smith shoot cultures grown in the nutrient sprinkle bioreactor. Phytochem Lett 30:254–260

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Xie D, Wang L, Ye H, Li G (2000) Isolation and production of artemisinin and stigmasterol in hairy root cultures of Artemisia annua. Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult 63:161–166

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yoshikawa T, Furuya T (1987) Saponin production by cultures of Panax ginseng transformed with Agrobacterium rhizogenes. Plant Cell Rep 6(6):449–453

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yu KW, Gao WY, Son SH, Paek KY (2000) Improvement of ginsenoside production by jasmonic acid and some other elicitors in hairy root culture of ginseng (Panax ginseng CA Meyer). In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Plant 36(5):424–428

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yu KW, Gao WY, Hahn EJ, Paek KY (2001) Effects of macro elements and nitrogen source on adventitious root growth and ginsenoside production in ginseng (Panax ginseng CA Meyer). J Plant Biol 44(4):179–184

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ziv M (2005) Simple bioreactors for mass propagation of plants. In: Liquid culture systems for in vitro plant propagation. Springer, Dordrecht, pp 79–93

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2022 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Rohini, M.R., Rajasekharan, P.E. (2022). Scale-Up Production of Bioactive Compounds Using Bioreactors. In: Belwal, T., Georgiev, M.I., Al-Khayri, J.M. (eds) Nutraceuticals Production from Plant Cell Factory. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-8858-4_3

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics