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Roles and Mechanism of Long Noncoding RNAs in Bone Diseases

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Noncoding RNAs and Bone

Abstract

Close coordination of transcriptional networks and signaling pathways is necessary for the normal function of bone tissue. In pathological bone and cartilage, a lot of these networks/pathways are dysregulated. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) belong to a kind of RNAs that lack protein-coding potential. LncRNAs are usually more than 200 nucleotides length and play multifarious roles in a wide range of biological functions. In recent decades, an enormous number of lncRNAs have been identified in multiple bone cells and bone diseases and considered to play critical roles. In this chapter, we summarize the current knowledge concerning lncRNAs in bone biology and disease, from their molecular mechanism, pathological implications, and therapeutic potential.

Graphical Abstract

Roles and mechanism of lncRNAs in bone diseases (Li et al., Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 20(1):50–66, 2020).

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Abbreviations

AD:

Adipogenic differentiation

AIS:

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis

AMSC:

Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell

AS:

Ankylosing spondylitis

BMD:

Bone mineral density

BMP:

Bone morphogenetic protein

BMSC, BM-MSC:

Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells

CAVD:

Calcific aortic valve disease

CBF-α-1:

Core-binding factor subunit alpha-1

ceRNA:

Competitive endogenous RNA

ChIRP:

Chromatin isolation by RNA purifications

circRNA:

Circular RNA

CLASH:

Cross-linking ligation and sequencing of hybrids

CLIP:

Cross-linking immunoprecipitation

DOX:

Doxorubicin

ECM:

Extracellular matrix

EMSC:

Ectomesenchymal stem cells

EMT:

Epithelial mesenchymal transition

EPC:

Endothelial progenitor cell

EWSAT1:

Ewing sarcoma-associated transcript 1

GO:

Gene ontology

GWAS:

Genome-wide association study

hBMSC:

Human BMSC

Hh:

Hedgehog

HOTAIR:

HOX antisense intergenic RNA

HSC:

Hematopoietic stem cell

KEGG:

Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes

lincRNA:

Long intergenic noncoding RNA

lncRNA:

Long noncoding RNA

MafB:

v-maf avian musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma oncogene homolog B

MALAT1:

Metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1

MEG3:

Maternally expressed gene 3

miRNA:

MicroRNA

MMP:

Matrix metallopeptidase

MNC:

Mononuclear cell

MNPC:

Mononuclear progenitor cell

MSC:

Mesenchymal stem cells

NATs:

Natural antisense transcripts

ncRNAs:

Noncoding RNAs

NFAT:

Nuclear factor of activated T cell

NFATc1:

NFAT, cytoplasmic 1

NIP45:

NFAT-interacting protein 45

OA:

Osteoarthritis

OC:

Osteoclast

OCY:

Osteocyte

OD:

Osteogenic differentiation

OGS:

Osteogenic sarcoma

OP:

Osteoporosis

OPN:

Osteopontin

ORF:

Open reading frames

OS:

Osteosarcoma

OVX:

Ovariectomy

PDLSCs:

Periodontal ligament stem cells

POP:

Postmenopausal osteoporosis

PTBP2:

Polypyrimidine tract-binding protein 2

PTK2:

Protein tyrosine kinase 2

RA:

Rheumatoid arthritis

RNA-Seq:

RNA sequencing

Runx2:

Runt-related transcription factor 2 (CBF-α-1)

SFPQ:

Splicing factor proline- and glutamine- rich

TDO:

Tricho-dento-osseous

TF:

Transcription factor

TGF-β:

Transforming growth factor beta

UCA1:

Urothelial carcinoma associated 1

UTR:

Untranslated region

VEGF:

Vascular endothelial growth factor

YAP:

Yes-associated protein

ZBED3:

Zinc finger BED-type containing 3

ZBED3-AS1:

ZBED3 antisense RNA 1

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Acknowledgements

This chapter was modified from the paper published by our group in Endocrine Metabolic & Immune Disorders-Drug Targets (Li DJ, et.al., 2020, 20 (1), 50–66). The authors would like to thank Ge Zhang and Jin Liu at the Hong Kong Baptist University for their generous indispensable support and constructive suggestions. This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China (82072106, 81801871, and 81772017), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2020M683573 and 2018T111099), the Innovation Foundation for Doctor Dissertation of Northwestern Polytechnical University (CX201821).

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  1. Lab for Bone Metabolism, Xi’an Key Laboratory of Special Medicine and Health Engineering, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China

    Dijie Li, Chaofei Yang, Ye Tian, Zhihao Chen, Airong Qian & Chong Yin

  2. Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinses Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR, China

    Dijie Li

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  1. School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China

    Airong Qian

  2. School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China

    Ye Tian

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Li, D., Yang, C., Tian, Y., Chen, Z., Qian, A., Yin, C. (2021). Roles and Mechanism of Long Noncoding RNAs in Bone Diseases. In: Qian, A., Tian, Y. (eds) Noncoding RNAs and Bone. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-2402-5_5

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