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Retinoids and Reactive Oxygen Species in Cancer Cell Death and Therapeutics

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Handbook of Oxidative Stress in Cancer: Mechanistic Aspects

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Abstract

Retinoids are a large family of structurally related natural and synthetic molecules that exhibit a variety of effects in embryogenesis and adult life. The parent compound of retinoids is vitamin A which was first discovered for its impact on vision and later on cell proliferation, cell differentiation, and cell death. Clinically, retinoids were used for six decades in cancer management as they exhibit antitumor effects such as inhibiting cellular proliferation, inducing apoptosis, modulating cell cycle, and cell differentiation. Initially, early research focused on the mechanism of action of retinoids by their binding to retinoic acid receptors. However, recently accumulated evidence points that retinoids can act independent of the retinoid receptor signaling pathway for example by inducing stress, changes in redox balance, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and modulation of pathways that do not require binding of transcription factors to retinoic acid responsive DNA sequences. This review focuses on the mechanism of action of natural as well as synthetic retinoids, in particular, on the generation of ROS in in vitro and in vivo tumor models. A better understanding of the effects of retinoids on cellular redox balance and oxidative stress will impact future strategies of cancer management and therapy.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, American University of Lebanon, Beirut, Lebanon

    Chirine El-Baba, Firas Kobeissy & Nadine Darwiche

  2. Department of Basic Medical Sciences and Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar

    Ali H. Eid

  3. Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Lebanon, Beirut, Lebanon

    Ali H. Eid

  4. Department of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Lebanese International University, Beirut, Lebanon

    Abdallah Shaito

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  1. Chirine El-Baba
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  2. Ali H. Eid
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  3. Abdallah Shaito
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  4. Firas Kobeissy
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  5. Nadine Darwiche
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Correspondence to Nadine Darwiche .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal, India

    Sajal Chakraborti

  2. Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA

    Bimal K. Ray

  3. CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India

    Susanta Roychoudhury

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El-Baba, C., Eid, A.H., Shaito, A., Kobeissy, F., Darwiche, N. (2022). Retinoids and Reactive Oxygen Species in Cancer Cell Death and Therapeutics. In: Chakraborti, S., Ray, B.K., Roychoudhury, S. (eds) Handbook of Oxidative Stress in Cancer: Mechanistic Aspects. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-9411-3_186

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