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Sustainable Catalytic Strategies for C5-Sugars and Biomass Hemicellulose Conversion Towards Furfural Production

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Production of Platform Chemicals from Sustainable Resources

Part of the book series: Biofuels and Biorefineries ((BIOBIO))

Abstract

Furfural has been identified as one of the most important biomass-based platform chemicals and has the potential to be used as a substitute of petrochemical-derived building blocks in the production of chemicals and advanced biofuels. Despite that the current industrial production technology of furfural is well established, it is characterised by moderate production yield and selectivity which reduces its competitiveness with crude oil-based alternatives. Furthermore, conventional furfural production requires high energy and generates acidic waste streams. Thus, research on more economic and environmentally benign furfural production strategies from hemicellulose biomass and pentose sugar feedstocks has become of worldwide interest in the scientific community and chemical industry. The present chapter aims to provide state-of-the-art developments in the field of catalytic synthesis of furfural from C5-sugars and hemicellulose biomass, taking into the consideration of green chemistry principles. Among the many advances, the employment of homogeneous catalysts i.e. metal halides, ionic liquids and high-pressure CO2 is presented. Application of heterogeneous catalysts is addressed briefly. The performance and efficiency of each catalytic approach in terms of catalyst reactivity, furfural yield and selectivity, as well as the sustainability of furfural production are analysed. Finally, critical outlook and perspectives of the development of sustainable furfural production processes are provided.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratório Nacional de Energia e Geologia, I.P., Unidade de Bioenergia, Estrada do Paço do Lumiar 22, 1649-038, Lisbon, Portugal

    Andre M. da Costa Lopes, Ana Rita C. Morais & Rafał M. Łukasik

  2. LAQV-REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal

    Andre M. da Costa Lopes & Ana Rita C. Morais

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  1. Andre M. da Costa Lopes
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  2. Ana Rita C. Morais
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  3. Rafał M. Łukasik
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  1. Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China

    Zhen Fang

  2. Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan

    Richard L. Smith, Jr.

  3. Agro-Environmental Protection Institute (AEPI), Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin, China

    Xinhua Qi

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da Costa Lopes, A.M., Morais, A.R.C., Łukasik, R.M. (2017). Sustainable Catalytic Strategies for C5-Sugars and Biomass Hemicellulose Conversion Towards Furfural Production. In: Fang, Z., Smith, Jr., R., Qi, X. (eds) Production of Platform Chemicals from Sustainable Resources. Biofuels and Biorefineries. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-4172-3_2

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