Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Life associated with Baltic Sea ice

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Biological Oceanography of the Baltic Sea

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • BACC Author Team (2015) Second assessment of climate change for the Baltic Sea basin. Regional climate studies. Springer, Berlin 501 pp

    Google Scholar 

  • Baker-Austin C, Trinanes JA, Taylor NGH, Hartnell R, Siitonen A, Martinez-Urtaza J (2013) Emerging Vibrio risk at high latitudes in response to ocean warming. Nature Climate Change 3:73–77

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cohn SA, Witzell RE (1996) Ecological considerations of diatom cell motility. I. Characterization of motility and adhesion in four diatom species. Journal of Phycology 32:928–939

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ehn J, Granskog MA, Reinart A, Erm A (2004) Optical properties of melting landfast sea ice and underlying seawater in Santala Bay, Gulf of Finland. Journal of Geophysical Research 109(C09003):1–12

    Google Scholar 

  • Eronen-Rasimus E, Lyra C, Rintala JM, Jürgens K, Ikonen V, Kaartokallio H (2015) Ice formation and growth shape bacterial community structure in Baltic Sea drift ice. FEMS Microbiology Ecology 91:13. doi: 10.1093/femsec/fiu022

  • Friedrich C, De Smet WH (2000) The rotifer fauna of Arctic sea ice from the Barents Sea, Laptev Sea and Greenland Sea. Hydrobiologia 432:73–89

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Golden KM (2009) Climate change and the mathematics of transport in sea ice. Notices of the American Mathematical Society 56:562–584

    Google Scholar 

  • Gradinger R, Spindler M, Weissenberger J (1992) On the structure and development of Arctic pack ice communities in Fram Strait: a multivariate approach. Polar Biology 12:727–733

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Granskog MA, Kaartokallio H (2004) An estimation of the potential fluxes of nitrogen, phosphorus, cadmium and lead from sea ice and snow in the northern Baltic Sea. Water, Air and Soil Pollution 154:331–347

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Granskog MA, Kaartokallio H, Kuosa H (2010) Sea ice in non-polar regions. In: Thomas DN, Dieckmann GS (eds) Sea ice, 2nd edn. Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, Oxford, pp 531–577

    Google Scholar 

  • Granskog MA, Kaartokallio H, Kuosa H, Thomas DN, Vainio J (2006) Sea ice in the Baltic Sea: a review. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 70:145–160

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Granskog MA, Kaartokallio H, Shirasawa K (2003a) Nutrient status of Baltic Sea ice: evidence for control by snow-ice formation, ice permeability and ice algae. Journal of Geophysical Research 108:3253–3256

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Granskog MA, Kaartokallio H, Thomas DN, Kuosa H (2005) The influence of freshwater inflow on the inorganic nutrient and dissolved organic matter within coastal sea ice and underlying waters in the Gulf of Finland (Baltic Sea). Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 65:109–122

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Granskog MA, Martma TA, Vaikmäe RA (2003b) Development, structure and composition of landfast sea ice in the northern Baltic Sea. Journal of Glaciology 49:139–148

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Haecky P, Andersson A (1999) Primary and bacterial production in sea ice in the northern Baltic Sea. Aquatic Microbial Ecology 20:107–118

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Haecky P, Jonsson S, Andersson A (1998) Influence of sea ice on the composition of the spring phytoplankton bloom in the northern Baltic Sea. Polar Biology 20:1–8

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hällfors G, Niemi Å (1974) A Chrysochromulina (Haptophyceae) bloom under the ice in the Tvärminne archipelago, southern coast of Finland. Memoranda Societatis pro Fauna et Flora Fennica 50:89–104

    Google Scholar 

  • Haapala JJ, Ronkaonen L, Schmelzer N, Sztobryn M (2015) Recent change—sea ice. BACC Author Team. Second assessment of climate change for the Baltic Sea basin. Regional Climate Studies, Springer, Berlin, pp 145–153

    Google Scholar 

  • Huttunen M, Niemi Å (1986) Sea-ice algae in the northern Baltic Sea. Memoranda Societatis pro Fauna et Flora Fennica 62:58–62

    Google Scholar 

  • Ikävalko J (1998) Further observations on flagellates within sea ice in northern Bothnian Bay, the Baltic Sea. Polar Biology 19:323–329

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ikävalko J, Thomsen HA (1997) The Baltic Sea ice biota (March 1994): a study of the protistan community. European Journal of Protistology 33:229–243

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kaartokallio H (2001) Evidence for active microbial nitrogen transformations in sea ice (Gulf of Bothnia, Baltic Sea) in midwinter. Polar Biology 24:21–28

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kaartokallio H (2004) Food-web components, and physical and chemical properties of Baltic Sea ice. Marine Ecology Progress Series 273:49–63

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kaartokallio H, Kuosa H, Thomas DN, Granskog MA, Kivi K (2007) Changes in biomass, composition and activity of organism assemblages along a salinity gradient in sea ice subjected to river discharge. Polar Biology 30:186–197

    Google Scholar 

  • Kaartokallio H, Tuomainen J, Kuosa H, Kuparinen J, Martikainen P, Servomaa K (2008) Succession of sea-ice bacterial communities in the Baltic Sea fast ice. Polar Biology 31:783–793

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kankaanpää P (1997) Distribution, morphology and structure of sea ice pressure ridges in the Baltic Sea. Fennia 175:139–240

    Google Scholar 

  • Kawamura T, Shirasawa K, Ishikawa N, Lindfors A, Rasmus K et al (2001) Time-series observations of the structure and properties of brackish ice in the Gulf of Finland. Annals of Glaciology 33:1–4

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Krembs C, Eicken H, Deming JW (2011) Exopolymer alteration of physical properties of sea ice and implications for ice habitability, biogeochemistry and persistence in a warming climate. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 108:3653–3658

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kuosa H, Kaartokallio H (2006) Experimental evidence on substrate and nutrient limitation of Baltic Sea sea-ice algae and bacteria. Hydrobiologia 554:1–10

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kuparinen J, Autio R, Kaartokallio H (2011) Sea ice bacteria have high growth rate, growth efficiency and preference for inorganic nitrogen sources in the Baltic Sea. Polar Biology 34:1361–1373

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kuparinen J, Kuosa H, Andersson A, Autio R, Granskog MA et al (2007) Role of sea-ice biota in nutrient and organic material cycles in the northern Baltic Sea. AMBIO 36:149–154

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Larsen J, Kuosa H, Ikävalko J, Kivi K, Hällfors S (1995) A redescription of Scrippsiella hangoei (Schiller) comb. nov.—a “red tide” dinoflagellate from the northern Baltic. Phycologia 34:135–144

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Leppäranta M, Manninen T (1988) The brine and gas content of sea ice with attention to low salinities and high temperatures. Finnish Institute for Marine Research, Helsinki, Report 2:1–14

    Google Scholar 

  • Leppäranta M, Myrberg K (2009) Physical oceanography of the Baltic Sea. Springer, Berlin 378 pp

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Löptien U, Mårtensson S, Meier HEM, Höglund A (2013) Long-term characteristics of simulated ice deformation in the Baltic Sea (1962-2007). Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans 118:801–815

    Google Scholar 

  • Luhtanen AM, Eronen-Rasimus E, Kaartokallio H, Rintala JM, Autio R, Roine E (2014) Isolation and characterization of phage-host systems from the Baltic Sea ice. Extremophiles 18:121–130

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Majaneva M, Rintala JM, Piisilä M, Fewer DP, Blomster J (2012) Comparison of wintertime protists and fungi from sea ice and open water in the Baltic Sea. Polar Biology 35:875–889

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Meese DA (1989) The chemical and structural properties of sea ice in the southern Beaufort Sea. Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory Monograph 1989 25:1–144

    Google Scholar 

  • Meier HEM, Döscher R, Halkka A (2004) Simulated distributions of Baltic Sea ice in warming climate and consequences for the winter habitat of the Baltic ringed seal. AMBIO 33:249–256

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Meiners K, Fehling J, Granskog MA, Spindler M (2002) Abundance, biomass and composition of biota in Baltic Sea ice and underlying water (March 2000). Polar Biology 25:761–770

    Google Scholar 

  • Moore SE, Huntington HP (2008) Arctic marine mammals and climate change: impacts and resilience. Ecological Applications 18:157–165

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Norrman B, Andersson A (1994) Development of ice biota in a temperate sea area (Gulf of Bothnia). Polar Biology 14:531–537

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Omstedt A, Hansson D (2006) The Baltic Sea ocean climate system memory and response to changes in the water and heat balance components. Continental Shelf Research 26:236–251

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Piiparinen J, Enberg S, Rintala JM, Sommaruga R, Majaneva M et al (2015) The contribution of mycosporine-like amino acids, chromophoric dissolved organic matter and particles to the UV protection of sea-ice organisms in the Baltic Sea. Photochemical and Photobiological Sciences 14:1025–1038

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Piiparinen J, Kuosa H (2011) Impact of UVA radiation on algae and bacteria in Baltic Sea ice. Aquatic Microbial Ecology 63:75–87

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Piiparinen J, Kuosa H, Rintala JM (2010) Winter-time ecology in Bothnian Bay, Baltic Sea: nutrients and algae in fast-ice. Polar Biology 33:1445–1461

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Poulin M, Daugbjerg N, Gradinger R, Ilyash L, Ratkova T, von Quillfeldt C (2011) The Pan-Arctic biodiversity of marine pelagic and sea-ice unicellular eukaryotes: a first-attempt assessment. Marine Biodiversity 41:13–28

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rasmus K, Ehn J, Granskog MA, Kärkäs E, Leppäranta M et al (2002) Optical measurements of sea ice in the Gulf of Finland. Nordic Hydrology 33:207–226

    Google Scholar 

  • Rintala (2009) A systematic-ecological approach to Baltic Sea ice studies of algae and protists. University of Helsinki, Walter and Andrée de Nottbeck Foundation Scientific Reports 34:1–48 [PhD Thesis]

    Google Scholar 

  • Rintala JM, Hällfors H, Hällfors S, Hällfors G, Majanerva M, Blomster J (2010a) Heterocapsa arctica subsp. frigida subsp. nov. (Peridiniales, Dinophyceae)—description of a new dinoflagellate and its occurrence in the Baltic Sea. Journal of Phycology 46:751–762

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rintala JM, Piiparinen J, Ehn J, Autio R, Kuosa H (2006) Changes in phytoplankton biomass and nutrient quantities in sea ice as responses to light/dark manipulations during different phases of the Baltic winter 2003. Hydrobiologia 554:11–24

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rintala JM, Spilling K, Blomster J (2007) Temporary cyst enables long term dark survival of Scrippsiella hangoei (Dinophyceae). Marine Biology 152:57–62

    Google Scholar 

  • Rintala JM, Piiparinen J, Uusikivi J (2010b) Drift-ice and under-ice water communities in the Gulf of Bothnia (Baltic Sea). Polar Biology 33:179–191

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rintala JM, Piiparinen J, Blomster J, Majaneva M, Müller et al (2014) Fast direct melting of brackish sea-ice samples results in biologically more accurate results than slow buffered melting. Polar Biology 37:1811–1822

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rysgaard S, Bendtsen J, Delille B, Dieckmann GS, Glud RN et al (2011) Sea ice contribution to the air-sea CO2 exchange in the Arctic and Southern Oceans. Tellus B 63:823–830

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Spilling K (2007) Dense sub-ice bloom of dinoflagellates in the Baltic Sea, potentially limited by high pH. Journal of Plankton Research 29:895–901

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stedmon CA, Thomas DN, Granskog M, Kaartokallio H, Papadimitriou S, Kuosa H (2007) The characteristics of dissolved organic matter in Baltic coastal sea ice: allochthonous or autochthonous origins? Environmental Science and Technology 41:7273–7279

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Steffens M, Granskog MA, Kaartokallio H, Kuosa H, Luodekari K et al (2006) Spatial variation of biogeochemical properties of landfast sea ice in the Gulf of Bothnia (Baltic Sea). Annals of Glaciology 44:80–87

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stirling I, Richardson E, Thiemann GW, Derocher AE (2008) Unusual predation attempts of polar bears on ringed seals in the southern Beaufort Sea: possible significance of changing spring ice conditions. Arctic 61:14–22

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stocker TF, Qin D, Plattner GK, Tignor M, Allen SK et al (eds) (2013) The physical science basis—contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1535 pp

    Google Scholar 

  • Tedesco L, Vichi M (2014) Sea ice biogeochemistry: a guide for modellers. PLoS ONE 9(2):e89217

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tedesco L, Vichi M, Haapala J, Stipa T (2009) An enhanced sea ice thermodynamic model applied to the Baltic Sea. Boreal Environment Research 14:68–80

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tedesco L, Vichi M, Haapala J, Stipa T (2010) A dynamic biologically-active layer for numerical studies of the sea ice ecosystem. Ocean Modelling 35:89–104

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Thomas DN, Dieckmann GS (2002) Antarctic sea ice—a habitat for extremophiles. Science 295:641–644

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Thomas DN, Dieckmann GS (eds) (2010) Sea ice, 2nd edn. Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, Oxford 621 pp

    Google Scholar 

  • Underwood GJC, Salam SN, Michel C, Niemi A, Norman L et al (2013) Broad-scale predictability of carbohydrates and exopolymers in Antarctic and Arctic sea ice. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 110:15734–15739

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Uusikivi J (2013) On optical and physical properties of sea ice in the Baltic Sea. Report Series in Geophysics 73:1–49

    Google Scholar 

  • Uusikivi J, Ehn J, Granskog MA (2006) Direct measurements of turbulent momentum, heat and salt fluxes under landfast ice in the Baltic Sea. Annals of Glaciology 44:42–46

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Uusikivi J, Vähätalo AV, Granskog MA, Sommaruga R (2010) Contribution of mycosporine-like amino acids and colored dissolved and particulate matter to sea ice optical properties and ultraviolet attenuation. Limnology and Oceanography 55:703–713

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vihma T, Haapala J (2009) Geophysics of sea ice in the Baltic Sea: a review. Progress in Oceanography 80:129–148

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Weeks WF (1998) Growth conditions and the structure and properties of sea ice. In: Leppäranta M (ed) Physics of ice-covered seas. Department of Geophysics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, pp 25–104

    Google Scholar 

  • Weissenberger J, Dieckmann GS, Gradinger R, Spindler M (1992) Sea ice: a cast technique to examine and analyse brine pockets and channel structure. Limnology and Oceanography 37:179–183

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Werner I, Auel H (2004) Environmental conditions and overwintering strategies of planktonic metazoans in and below coastal fast ice in the Gulf of Finland (Baltic Sea). Sarsia 89:102–116

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhou J, Delille B, Kaartokallio H, Kattner G, Kuosa H et al (2014) Physical and bacterial controls on inorganic nutrients and dissolved organic carbon during a sea ice growth and decay experiment. Marine Chemistry 166:59–69

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Ocean Sciences, Bangor University, Menai Bridge, Anglesey, P.O. Box LL59 5AB, UK

    David N. Thomas

  2. Marine Research Centre Finnish Environment Institute, P.O. Box 140, 00251, Helsinki, Finland

    Hermanni Kaartokallio, Letizia Tedesco, Jonna Piiparinen, Eeva Eronen-Rasimus & Harri Kuosa

  3. Department of Natural History, Norwegian University of Science and Technology 7491, Trondheim, Norway

    Markus Majaneva

  4. Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki 65, 00014, Turku, Finland

    Janne-Markus Rintala & Jaanika Blomster

  5. Finnish Meteorological Institute, P.O. Box 503, 00101, Helsinki, Finland

    Jouni Vainio

  6. Norwegian Polar Institute, Fram Centre, Hjalmar Johansens Gatan 14, 9296, Tromsø, Norway

    Mats A. Granskog

Authors
  1. David N. Thomas
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Hermanni Kaartokallio
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Letizia Tedesco
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Markus Majaneva
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Jonna Piiparinen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Eeva Eronen-Rasimus
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Janne-Markus Rintala
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Harri Kuosa
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  9. Jaanika Blomster
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  10. Jouni Vainio
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  11. Mats A. Granskog
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to David N. Thomas .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Stockholm University , Stockholm, Sweden

    Pauline Snoeijs-Leijonmalm

  2. Universität Rostock, Rostock, Germany

    Hendrik Schubert

  3. Paleoceanography Unit, University of Szczecin Faculty of Geosciences, Szczecin, Poland

    Teresa Radziejewska

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2017 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Thomas, D.N. et al. (2017). Life associated with Baltic Sea ice. In: Snoeijs-Leijonmalm, P., Schubert, H., Radziejewska, T. (eds) Biological Oceanography of the Baltic Sea. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0668-2_9

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation