Zusammenfassung
Die Sport- und Bewegungstherapie ist eine sehr wichtige und universell in allen Krankheits- und Therapiephasen applizierbare onkologische Supportivtherapie. Die Komplexität maligner Erkrankungen, deren Symptome sowie die Gestaltung und Nebenwirkungen medizinischer Behandlungsprotokolle machen eine hochprofessionalisierte, Erkrankungsstatus und Therapiephase berücksichtigende Vorgehensweise unumgänglich. Es ergeben sich somit eine Vielzahl verschiedener Sicherheitsimplikationen und evidenzbasierter Vorgehensweisen in Abhängigkeit der medizinischen Therapiemodalitäten Chemotherapie, Operation, Radiotherapie, Antihormontherapie und Stammzellentransplantation sowie des Symptom- und Nebenwirkungsstatus. Für eine möglichst hohe Effektivität ist letzterer entscheidend und die Grundlage aktueller evidenzbasierter onkologischer Bewegungstherapieleitlinien. Besonders gut erforscht bis hin zu dezidierten Trainingsempfehlungen ist die Applizierung von onkologischer Bewegungstherapie bei Fatigue, sekundärem Lymphödem, Depression, Angst und verminderter Lebensqualität. Weniger gut erforscht, aber klinisch hochrelevant ist darüber hinaus die Applizierung zur Verbesserung der Knochengesundheit, Wiederherstellung der Harnkontinenz sowie bei peripherer Neuropathie. Es gibt bereits einige Möglichkeiten, onkologische Bewegungstherapie abrechnungsfähig zu verordnen. Es ist mit einer regelhaften Verordnungsfähigkeit in Anlehnung an die Medizinische Trainingstherapie (MTT) in den kommenden Jahren zu rechnen.
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Mendes Wefelnberg, M., Baumann, F.T., Schmidt, T. (2023). Sport- und Bewegungstherapie in der Onkologie. In: Schmoll, HJ. (eds) Kompendium Internistische Onkologie . Springer Reference Medizin. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-46764-0_346-1
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