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The Mouse Genome

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Genetics of the Mouse

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Abstract

In Chap. 4 we explained how mouse geneticists were able to develop high-density and high-resolution genetic maps of the mouse genome by taking advantage of the unequaled strategies and tools they had at their disposition: i.e., inter sub-specific crosses, recombinant inbred strains, radiation hybrids and a wealth of polymorphic molecular markers of all kinds. We also explained how the same geneticists could develop physical maps by anchoring virtual (i.e., in silico) DNA fragments cloned into BACs, YACs or cosmids onto the molecular markers previously ordered along each chromosome.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    The mitochondrial DNA has also been sequenced. See Sect. 5.6.

  2. 2.

    https://www.rosettacommons.org/.

  3. 3.

    Sequencher version 5.1 sequence analysis software, Gene Codes Corporation, Ann Arbor, MI USA http://www.genecodes.com.

  4. 4.

    Barbara McClintock was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1983 for the discovery of “jumping genes”.

  5. 5.

    The ancestral SINEs are sometimes designated MIR3 (for mammalian-wide interspersed repeat elements).

  6. 6.

    IAPs are a class of defective endogenous retroviral sequences measuring ~7 kb. These IAPs are mostly abundant in the endoplasmic reticulum.

  7. 7.

    Full-length cDNA libraries are established from all RNA transcripts (protein-coding and non-protein-coding). Manual annotation of such libraries is a guarantee of their quality.

  8. 8.

    A. Fire and C. Mello were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2006 for their discovery of “RNA interference—gene silencing by double-stranded RNA”.

  9. 9.

    There are a few differences between the vertebrate mtDNA code and the “universal” code. In the mtDNA, UGA codes for Trp rather than being a stop codon. In the same mtDNA there are two Met codons (AUA and AUG) rather than only one. Finally, both AGA and AGG are read as stop codons.

  10. 10.

    Two inbred strains of mice with the same genomic (nuclear) DNA but different mtDNAs are said to be conplasmic. The production of such strains can be achieved by normal sexual reproduction or by direct cytoplasmic transfer (See Chap. 9).

  11. 11.

    Most of the data provided in this chapter concerning the Mouse Genome are from the Ensembl website: http://www.ensembl.org/Mus_musculus/Info/Annotation#assembly and http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/projects/mapview/stats/BuildStats.cgi?taxid=10090&build=38&ver=1.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank Doctor Benoît Robert, Institut Pasteur, for his contribution to Sect. 5.3.3 of this chapter.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institut Pasteur, Paris, France

    Jean-Louis Guenet

  2. Department of Molecular Carcinogenesis Division of Basic Science Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX, USA

    Fernando Benavides

  3. Mouse Functional Genetics Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France

    Jean-Jacques Panthier & Xavier Montagutelli

  4. Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort, 4, avenue du Général de Gaulle, Maisons-Alfort, France

    Jean-Jacques Panthier

Authors
  1. Jean-Louis Guenet
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  2. Fernando Benavides
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  3. Jean-Jacques Panthier
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  4. Xavier Montagutelli
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Correspondence to Jean-Louis Guenet .

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Guenet, JL., Benavides, F., Panthier, JJ., Montagutelli, X. (2015). The Mouse Genome. In: Genetics of the Mouse. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-44287-6_5

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