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A Novel Brain-Computer Interface for Chronic Stroke Patients

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Brain-Computer Interface Research

Part of the book series: Biosystems & Biorobotics ((BIOSYSROB,volume 6))

Abstract

We present a novel brain-computer interface for neuromodulation that leads to long lasting cortical plasticity. The system entails in recording the movement-related cortical potential (MRCP) as a subject imagines a dorsiflexion task and triggering an electrical stimulator to generate a single stimulus to the target nerve. This system has been tested on healthy subjects to demonstrate that an artificially generated signal (the peripheral afferent volley) can interact with a physiologically generated signal (the MRCP) in humans, leading to plastic changes. Further, in a group of 13 chronic stroke patients, the intervention also induced functional improvements within only three sessions. In this chapter, we outline the protocol in detail and discuss the potential for artificially inducing cortical plasticity in patients (neuromodulation). In these applications, the intention to move can be detected without a cue directly from the EEG traces. We have commenced to identify force and speed characteristics from single MRCPs, and our pilot data reveals that, if the nerve stimulation characteristics match the imagined movement, plasticity is further enhanced.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Sensory-Motor Interaction, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, DK-9220, Aalborg, Denmark

    N. Mrachacz-Kersting & K. Dremstrup

  2. Strategic Technology Management, Otto Bock HealthCare GmbH, Duderstadt, Germany

    N. Jiang

  3. Neurorehabilitation Engineering Bernstein Center, Computational Neuroscience University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany

    N. Jiang & D. Farina

Authors
  1. N. Mrachacz-Kersting
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  2. N. Jiang
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  3. K. Dremstrup
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  4. D. Farina
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to N. Mrachacz-Kersting .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. g.tec medical engineering GmbH/ Guger Technologies OG, Schiedlberg, Austria

    Christoph Guger

  2. Cognitive Science Dept, UC San Diego, La Jolla, USA

    Brendan Allison

  3. Department of Neurosurgery School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA

    E.C. Leuthardt

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Mrachacz-Kersting, N., Jiang, N., Dremstrup, K., Farina, D. (2014). A Novel Brain-Computer Interface for Chronic Stroke Patients. In: Guger, C., Allison, B., Leuthardt, E. (eds) Brain-Computer Interface Research. Biosystems & Biorobotics, vol 6. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-54707-2_6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-54707-2_6

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-54706-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-54707-2

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