Zusammenfassung
Der Begriff der nichtobstruktiven Azoospermie (NOA) kennzeichnet die Befundkonstellation infertiler Männer, bei denen primär eine Produktionsstörung der Spermien im Hoden besteht. Liegt eine hypothalamisch-hypophysär bedingte Erkrankung im Sinne eines hypogonadotropen Hypogonadismus vor, ist eine kausale medikamentöse Therapie möglich. Für die meisten primär den Hoden betreffende Schäden gilt dies nicht, insbesondere kongenitale Störungen wie Maldescensus testis, Klinefelter-Syndrom und Mikrodeletionen des Y-Chromosoms. Für betroffene Patienten kommen lediglich operative Verfahren zur Spermiengewinnung (testikuläre Spermienextraktion, TESE) in Betracht. In 40-60 % der Fälle lassen sich fokal Samenkanälchen mit erhaltener Spermatogeneseaktivität und damit elongierte Spermatiden für eine assistierte Fertilisation finden.
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Schuppe, HC., Pilatz, A., Diemer, T., Weidner, W. (2016). Nichtobstruktive Azoospermie. In: Michel, M., Thüroff, J., Janetschek, G., Wirth, M. (eds) Die Urologie. Springer Reference Medizin. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-39940-4_162
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