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Stem Cells for the Treatment of Ovarian Cancer

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Stem Cells for Cancer and Genetic Disease Treatment

Part of the book series: Stem Cells in Clinical Applications ((SCCA))

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Abstract

Despite the availability of amended surgical approaches and chemotherapeutic agents used for ovarian cancer, still the rate of survival from late stage ovarian cancer is only 30% out of 80% of the initial response. The probable reason might be the variable congenital as well as acquired genetic factors. Perhaps, because of these two possible reasons, ovarian cancer cells are known to possess the ability of developing resistance for chemotherapeutic agent used against their treatment. The use of ovarian cancer stem cells (CSCs) has been investigated aiming to find some alternatives to overcome the issue of chemoresistance of ovarian cancer cells. Capacity of self-renewal and pluripotent nature of stem cells are two main characteristics which make them capable enough to be used in this regard. As a result, CSCs have been found to be more resistant towards chemotherapeutic agents as well as radiation therapy than the more differentiated cells taken from the same tissue. Population of CSCs for different types of cells may be different. Several CSCs have been isolated by noticing the manifestation of extracellular markers that are thought to be specific for stem cells. CD133, CD117, EpCAM, CD44, and ALDH1A1 are the most commonly used biomarkers to separate the stem cells in normal as well as in tumor cells. Hence this chapter will discuss in detail the literature update on ovarian CSCs and their important strategic role for potential pharmacological and therapeutic applications in future.

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Abbreviations

AACR:

American Association for Cancer research

ALDH1A1:

Aldehyde dehydrogenase-1A1

ATRA:

All-trans-retinoic acid

CD:

Cluster of differentiation

CSCs:

Cancer stem cells

DM:

Diabetes mellitus

EpCAM:

Epithelial cell adhesion molecules

FAK:

Focal adhesion kinase

SCs:

Stem cells

STAT3:

Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3

ZEB2:

Zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 2

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The authors declare that they do not have any conflict of interests for this chapter.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Pharmacy, Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan

    Kanwal Rehman

  2. Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan

    Muhammad Sajid Hamid Akash

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  1. Kanwal Rehman
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Correspondence to Muhammad Sajid Hamid Akash .

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  1. Laboratory of Stem Cell Research and Application & Stem Cell Institute & Cancer Research Laboratory, VNUHCM University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

    Phuc Van Pham

  2. University of Edinburgh - Zhejiang, International Campus (UoE-ZJU), Haining, Zhejiang, China

    Ahmed El-Hashash

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Rehman, K., Akash, M.S.H. (2018). Stem Cells for the Treatment of Ovarian Cancer. In: Pham, P., El-Hashash, A. (eds) Stem Cells for Cancer and Genetic Disease Treatment. Stem Cells in Clinical Applications. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-98065-2_6

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