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Strontium Isotopes in Biological Material: A Key Tool for the Geographic Traceability of Foods and Humans Beings

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Behaviour of Strontium in Plants and the Environment

Abstract

This chapter discusses the application in geology of the isotope ratio 87Sr/86Sr, where 87Sr is the long-lived radiogenic daughter of 87Rb (t 1/2 = 48.8 billion years), and its use as geologic fingerprint for geographic traceability in food, forensic, and archaeological sciences. The 87Sr/86Sr ratio of any geological material (i.e. minerals and rocks) on Earth depends on its time integrated 87Rb/86Sr ratio and thus it is related to three main parameters: (1) the initial radiogenic isotopic abundance, (2) the age of the rock/mineral, and (3) the parent/daughter isotope ratio. Being a ratio between two nuclides of the same element 87Sr/86Sr is not modified during the uptake of the plant and it is transferred unchanged to all living beings of the food chain, thus remaining identical to that of the substratum from which the original plant or vegetable grew.

Several studies have applied this systematic to track food provenance. The emerging scenario is, however, more complex than expected. Recent studies demonstrate that a direct, un-modified correlation (i.e. 87Sr/86Sr substratum = 87Sr/86Sr plants) between bulk soil/substratum and plants exists only for plants growing on young magmatic rocks, while more complex processes take place when older and/or poly-mineralic rocks are involved. Despite the complexity of the processes contributing to determine its long-lived isotope composition, it has been demonstrated that the bio-available portion of the soils is transferred directly to the plant with little modification and therefore can provide a unique tool for food traceability. For example, in the case of grapes (and then wines), it has been show that different cultivars grown on the same soil display 87Sr/86Sr indistinguishable from that of the bio-available portion of the soil and that this direct link remains valid for several vintage years.

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Acknowledgements

This contribution was financially support by the Ente Cassa di Risparmio di Firenze ECRF grant # 2015.1000 issued to S.C.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via Giorgio La Pira, 4, 50121, Florence, Italy

    Simone Tommasini, Sara Marchionni, Ines Tescione, Martina Casalini, Riccardo Avanzinelli & Sandro Conticelli

  2. Dipartimento di Scienze, Università degli Studi di Roma Tre, Largo S. Leonardo Murialdo, 1, 00146, Rome, Italy

    Sara Marchionni & Ines Tescione

  3. Istituto di Geoscienze e Georisorse, sede secondaria di Firenze, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Giorgio La Pira, 4, 50121, Florence, Italy

    Eleonora Braschi, Riccardo Avanzinelli & Sandro Conticelli

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  1. Simone Tommasini
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  2. Sara Marchionni
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  3. Ines Tescione
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Correspondence to Sandro Conticelli .

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  1. Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover, Institut für Radioökologie und, Strahlenschutz (IRS), Hannover, Germany

    Dharmendra K. Gupta

  2. Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover, Institut für Radioökologie und, Strahlenschutz (IRS), Hannover, Germany

    Clemens Walther

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Tommasini, S. et al. (2018). Strontium Isotopes in Biological Material: A Key Tool for the Geographic Traceability of Foods and Humans Beings. In: Gupta, D., Walther , C. (eds) Behaviour of Strontium in Plants and the Environment. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-66574-0_10

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