Abstract
Characterization of aqueous two-phase systems is an important procedure crucial for their successful operation. In these systems, the partition behavior of the solutes not only depends on their physicochemical properties but on the selected system design parameters which vary in a case-by-case basis. The selection of the phase-forming chemicals, their concentration, and other additives such as inert salts directly impacts certain intrinsic properties that need to be studied in order to fully understand the phenomena that lead to a specific partition behavior. This is due to the fact that properties such as surface tension, electric potential, electrochemical charge, hydrophobicity, and viscosity will all interact in a certain manner with the solutes and will dictate the thermodynamic equilibrium at which a specific partition will be achieved. This chapter presents an insight in the different aspects and properties that need to be measured in ATPS operations regarding both the system (i.e., phase-forming chemical properties, concentration, volume ratios) and the solutes (i.e., physicochemical characteristics) to be processed in order to better understand partition behaviors and certain procedures to do so. It also presents some of the most advances tendencies to achieve this characterization which then have an impact in the development of better strategies. These advances are also reflected in novel uses that are being given to ATPS operations both in bioprocessing and as an analytical tool which are also discussed.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
Abbreviations
- ADSA:
-
Axisymmetric drop shape analysis
- ATPS:
-
Aqueous two-phase system
- DARA:
-
Distribution analysis of radiolabeled analytes
- HPLC:
-
High-performance liquid chromatography
- HTS:
-
High throughput screening
- K P :
-
Partition coefficient
- LHS:
-
Liquid-handling stations
- PEG:
-
Polyethylene glycol
- TLL:
-
Tie-line length
- V R :
-
Volume ratio
References
Aguilar O, Glatz CE, Rito-Palomares M. Characterization of green-tissue protein extract from alfalfa (Medicago sativa) exploiting a 3-D technique. J Separation Sci. 2009;32(18):3223–31.
Amrhein S, Schwab M-L, Hoffmann M, Hubbuch J. Characterization of aqueous two phase systems by combining lab-on-a-chip technology with robotic liquid handling stations. J Chromatogr A. 2014;1367:68–77.
Andersson E, Hahn-Hägerdal B. Bioconversions in aqueous two-phase systems. Enzyme Microbial Technol. 1990;12(4):242–54.
Andrews BA, Schmidt AS, Asenjo JA. Correlation for the partition behavior of proteins in aqueous two-phase systems: effect of surface hydrophobicity and charge. Biotechnol Bioeng. 2005;90(3):380–90.
Atefi E, Mann JA, Tavana H. Ultralow interfacial tensions of aqueous two-phase systems measured using drop shape. Langmuir. 2014;30(32):9691–9.
Benavides J, Rito-Palomares M, Asenjo JA. Aqueous two-phase systems. Comprehensive Biotechnol. 2011:697–713.
Benavides JA, Rito-Palomares MA. Practical experiences from the development of aqueous two-phase processes for the recovery of high value biological products. J Chem Technol Biotechnol. 2008;83(2):133–42.
Bensch M, Selbach B, Hubbuch J. High throughput screening techniques in downstream processing: preparation, characterization and optimization of aqueous two-phase systems. Chem Eng Sci. 2007;62(7):2011–21.
Brooks DE, Jones RN. Measurement of some physical properties of aqueous two-phase systems. Aqueous Two-Phase Systems Methods Protoc. 2000:35–45.
de Oliveira RM, JSDR C, Francisco KR, Minim LA, LHM d S, JAM P. Liquid−liquid equilibrium of aqueous two-phase systems containing poly(ethylene) glycol 4000 and zinc Sulfate at different temperatures. J Chem Eng Data. 2008;53(4):919–22.
Diamond AD, Hsu JT. Aqueous two-phase systems for biomolecule separation. Adv Biochem Eng Biotechnol. 1992;47:89–135.
Diamond AD, Hsu JT. Fundamental studies of biomolecule partitioning in aqueous two-phase systems. Biotechnol Bioeng. 1989;34(7):1000–14.
Forciniti D. Preparation of aqueous two-phase systems. Aqueous Two-Phase Systems Methods Protoc. 2000:23–33.
González-Valdez J, Rito-Palomares M, Benavides J. Effects of chemical modifications in the partition behavior of proteins in aqueous two-phase systems: a case study with RNase a. Biotechnol Prog. 2013;29(2):378–85.
González-Valdez J, Rito-Palomares MA, Benavides JA. Quantification of RNase a and its PEGylated conjugates on polymer-salt rich environments using UV spectrophotometry. Anal Lett. 2011;44(5):800–14.
Kaul A. The phase diagram. Aqueous Two-Phase Systems Methods Protoc. 2000:11–21.
Kuboi R, Morita S, Ota H, Umakoshi H. Protein refolding using stimuli-responsive polymer-modified aqueous two-phase systems. J Chromatogr B Biomed Sci App. 2000;743(1):215–23.
Lebreton B, Walker SG, Lyddiatt A. Characterization of aqueous two-phase partition systems by distribution analysis of radiolabeled analytes (DARA): application to process definition and control in biorecovery. Biotechnol Bioeng. 2002;77(3):329–39.
Leong YK, Lan JC-W, Loh H-S, Ling TC, Ooi CW, Show PL. Thermoseparating aqueous two-phase systems: recent trends and mechanisms. J Separation Sci. 2016;39(4):640–7.
Lladosa E, Silvério SC, Rodríguez O, Teixeira JA, Macedo EA. (Liquid + liquid) equilibria of polymer-salt aqueous two-phase systems for laccase partitioning: UCON 50-HB-5100 with potassium citrate and (sodium or potassium) formate at 23 °C. J Chem Thermodyn. 2012;55:166–71.
Mayolo-Deloisa K, González-Valdez J, Guajardo-Flores D, Aguilar OA, Benavides JA, Rito-Palomares MA. Current advances in the non-chromatographic fractionation and characterization of PEGylated proteins. J Chem Technol Biotechnol. 2011;86(1):18–25.
Mistry SL, Kaul A, Merchuk JC, Asenjo JA. Mathematical modelling and computer simulation of aqueous two-phase continuous protein extraction. J Chromatogr A. 1996;741(2):151–63.
Montalvo-Hernández B, Rito-Palomares M, Benavides J. Recovery of crocins from saffron stigmas (Crocus sativus) in aqueous two-phase systems. J Chromatoge A. 2012;1236:7–15.
Munchow G, Hardt S, Kutter JP, Drese KS. Electrophoretic partitioning of proteins in two-phase microflows. Lab Chip. 2007;7(1):98–102.
Olivera-Nappa A, Lagomarsino G, Andrews BA, Asenjo JA. Effect of electrostatic energy on partitioning of proteins in aqueous two-phase systems. J Chromatogr B. 2004;807(1):81–6.
Princen HM, Zia IYZ, Mason SG. Measurement of interfacial tension from the shape of a rotating drop. J Colloid Interface Sci. 1967;23(1):99–107.
Rito-Palomares MA, Lyddiatt A. Process integration using aqueous two-phase partition for the recovery of intracellular proteins. Chem Eng J. 2002;87(3):313–9.
Rito-Palomares MA. Practical application of aqueous two-phase partition to process development for the recovery of biological products. J Chromatogr B. 2004;807(1):3–11.
Rosa PAJ, Ferreira IF, Azevedo AM, Aires-Barros MR. Aqueous two-phase systems: a viable platform in the manufacturing of biopharmaceuticals. J Chromatogr A. 2010;1217(16):2296–305.
Ruiz-Ruiz F, Benavides J, Aguilar O, Rito-Palomares M. Aqueous two-phase affinity partitioning systems: current applications and trends. J Chromatogr A. 2012;1244:1–13.
Sánchez-Trasviña C, González-Valdez J, Mayolo-Deloisa K, Rito-Palomares M. Impact of aqueous two-phase system design parameters upon the in situ refolding and recovery of invertase. J Chem Technol Biotechnol. 2015;90(10):1765–72.
Schmidt AS, Andrews BA, Asenjo JA. Correlations for the partition behavior of proteins in aqueous two-phase systems: effect of overall protein concentration. Biotechnol Bioeng. 1996;50(6):617–26.
Staicopolus DN. The computation of surface tension and of contact angle by the sessile-drop method. J Colloid Sci. 1962;17(5):439–47.
Trindade IP, Diogo MM, Prazeres DMF, Marcos JC. Purification of plasmid DNA vectors by aqueous two-phase extraction and hydrophobic interaction chromatography. J Chromatogr A. 2005;1082(2):176–84.
Vázquez-Villegas P, Aguilar O, Rito-Palomares M. Continuous enzyme aqueous two-phase extraction using a novel tubular mixer-settler in multi-step counter-current arrangement. Sep Purif Technol. 2015;141:263–8.
Vazquez-Villegas P, Ouellet E, González C, Ruiz-Ruiz F, Rito-Palomares MA, Haynes C, et al. A microdevice assisted approach for the preparation, characterization and selection of continuous aqueous two-phase systems: from micro to bench-scale. Lab Chip. 2016;16:2662–72.
Vázquez-Villegas P, Espitia-Saloma E, Rito-Palomares M, Aguilar O. Low-abundant protein extraction from complex protein sample using a novel continuous aqueous two-phase systems device. J Separation Sci. 2013;36(2):391–9.
Walter H. Aqueous two-phase systems. Berlin: Elsevier; 1994.
Zaslavsky B. Aqueous two-phase partitioning: physical chemistry and bioanalytical applications. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc.; 1995.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 Springer International Publishing AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
González-Valdez, J., Benavides, J., Rito-Palomares, M. (2017). Characterization of Aqueous Two-Phase Systems and Their Potential New Applications. In: Rito-Palomares, M., Benavides, J. (eds) Aqueous Two-Phase Systems for Bioprocess Development for the Recovery of Biological Products. Food Engineering Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-59309-8_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-59309-8_2
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-59308-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-59309-8
eBook Packages: Chemistry and Materials ScienceChemistry and Material Science (R0)