Abstract
The endothelium is a critical mediator of blood pressure homeostasis through its roles in producing and interacting with circulating vasoactive compounds, most notably nitric oxide. Endothelial dysfunction is a marker of cardiovascular disease and may develop under a variety of conditions seen in the pediatric population, including relatively rare diseases such as chronic kidney disease and acute kidney injury, as well as common conditions, such as childhood obesity. Ongoing endothelial dysfunction eventually leads to adaptive mechanisms that lead to vascular remodeling, by which the structure of resistance vessels is altered, as is systemic blood pressure. Multiple factors central to the functioning and maintenance of the endothelium contribute to and perpetuate vascular remodeling including hemodynamic forces, reactive oxygen species, and the adipokine adiponectin.
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Goodwin, J. (2022). Endothelial Dysfunction and Vascular Remodeling in Hypertension. In: Flynn, J.T., Ingelfinger, J.R., Brady, T. (eds) Pediatric Hypertension. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31420-4_41-2
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