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Groundwater in the Nile Delta Aquifer, Egypt: Assessment, Modelling and Management with Climate Change in the Core

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Groundwater in Arid and Semi-Arid Areas

Part of the book series: Earth and Environmental Sciences Library ((EESL))

Abstract

Groundwater (GW) in the Nile Delta aquifer (NDA) is one of the most abundant freshwater sources of Egypt. Different activities such as agriculture, GW pumping, urbanization, industrial discharges and waste disposal significantly impact the quality of GW. Therefore, GW pollution has become a critical environmental issue in Egypt. The increasing use of fertilizers, pesticides, and the saltwater intrusion (SWI) into Mediterranean’s coastal areas put the GW of the Nile Delta (ND) at a high risk of contamination. Furthermore, increasing pumping discharges and Sea Level Rise (SLR) further exacerbate the rate of SWI and deteriorate the GW quality of the ND. Understanding GW vulnerability is crucial for decision makers to manage GW resources and assess risks effectively. Moreover, GW modelling provides a comprehensive overview of water flow and contaminant transport through aquifers, aiding in assessment and GW resources management. This book chapter provides insights on the previous GW vulnerability studies, GW modelling, SWI modelling, and GW management studies in the NDA. The research can be applied to future resource management for GW in the Nile Delta (ND), freshwater protection, and risk management.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the STDF-Egypt for the financial support received under the framework of a project (ID#46278). This book chapter is part of a project titled “Optimal Exploitation Strategies for Sustainable Utilization of Fossil Groundwater Reserves in Egypt” funded by the Science and Technology Development Fund (STDF), Egypt.

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  1. Faculty of Engineering, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt

    Asaad M. Armanuos, Sobhy R. Emara, Ahmed Shalby & Mohamed I. Metwally

  2. Department of Environmental Engineering (DIAm), University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, 42B, 87036, Rende, Italy

    Am Pris John

  3. Department of Water & Water Structures Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Zigazig University, Zigazig, Egypt

    Abdelazim Negm

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    Shakir Ali

  2. Irrigation and Hydraulics Engineering, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt

    Asaad Mater Armanuos

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Armanuos, A.M., Emara, S.R., Shalby, A., Metwally, M.I., John, A.P., Negm, A. (2023). Groundwater in the Nile Delta Aquifer, Egypt: Assessment, Modelling and Management with Climate Change in the Core. In: Ali, S., Armanuos, A.M. (eds) Groundwater in Arid and Semi-Arid Areas. Earth and Environmental Sciences Library. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-43348-1_11

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