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Use of GALDIT model and HFE-Diagram to assess seawater intrusion vulnerability in West Nile Delta, Egypt

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Abstract

One of the most significant groundwater resource management issues is the marine pollution interference into the coastal aquifer. This research was aimed to identify the spatial distribution of seawater intrusion for the Pleistocene aquifer west Nile Delta. A Geographic information system (GIS)-based GALDIT model and HFE Diagram were utilized to evaluate groundwater vulnerability to seawater intrusion. With respect to the GALDIT model, the coastal and the central parts which presenting 37.7% of the area are related to high vulnerability class to seawater intrusion. The southern parts of the area under investigation are moderately vulnerable to intrusion hazard; this area represents 62.3% of the total area. The findings of the sensitivity analysis showed that the adjusted vulnerability model’s effecting factors are aquifer hydraulic conductivity (A) and aquifer thickness (T). The modified GALDIT map showed that high vulnerable percentage in the northern parts increases compared to the tradition GALDIT index by 15% and still found. HFE Diagram indicated an intrusion of seawater into the costal zones in the northern part that underlie the highly vulnerable risk. These areas are fall within the field of Na-Cl type reflecting groundwater salinization.

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Abbreviations

GIS:

geographic information system

HFED:

hydrochemical facies evolution diagram

ICP:

inductive coupled plasma

ri:

the rating of the 푖푡ℎ parameter

wi:

the weight of the 푖푡ℎ parameter

S:

the sensitivity measure

A:

the removed vulnerability indices

B:

the impacted vulnerability indices

x:

number of removed data layers

y:

number of impacted data layers

W:

parameter’s effective weight

Pr:

the rating value of each parameter

Pw:

the weight value of each parameter

V:

the overall vulnerability index

G:

aquifer type

A:

aquifer hydraulic conductivity

L:

groundwater table

D:

distance from shore

I:

impact of seawater intrusion

T:

aquifer thickness

Cl−:

concentration of chloride ion in groundwater (milliequivalent/l)

DEM:

Digital Elevation Model

HCO3-:

concentration of bicarbonate ion in groundwater (milliequivalent/l)

amsl:

above main sea level

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  1. Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt

    Zenhom E. Salem & Samia S. Hasan

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Salem, Z.E., Hasan, S.S. Use of GALDIT model and HFE-Diagram to assess seawater intrusion vulnerability in West Nile Delta, Egypt. Arab J Geosci 14, 1318 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-021-07678-z

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