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Ingression of Heavy Metals in Urban Agroecosystems: Sources, Phytotoxicity and Consequences on Human Health

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Xenobiotics in Urban Ecosystems

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Abstract

Urban and peri-urban agroecosystems play a significant purpose in food productivity and support the nutrient requirements, health, wellness and economic status of urban inhabitants. However, urban agroecosystems are often challenged by inadequate space, industrial effluents and vehicular emissions to name a few. Heavy metal ingression, accumulation, and transfer in urban agroecosystems and food crops has become a severe environmental issue that requires prudent management. Heavy metals tend to ingress in urban agroecosystems from various anthropogenic pathways, and its accumulation is impacted by a number of bio-physicochemical factors. Due to the inherent capacity of plants to uptake the heavy metals, these are transferred to food crops and contaminate the food chain. Heavy metals exert phytotoxic effects on crop plants by adversely affecting crop growth, productivity and crop quality. Ingestion of food is a key route to heavy metal entry into humans. Prolonged consumption of contaminated crops leads to heavy metal accumulation in the body that further causes multiple health disorders in human beings. Therefore, in the present chapter, the findings pertaining to heavy metal pollution of urban agroecosystems and food chain and their adverse consequences on human beings have been comprehensively discussed. This chapter concludes that the transfer of heavy metals via the food chain results in a decline in the health and nutritional status of soil and crops and poses detrimental consequences on human health as well. In the end, recommendations have been proposed to check and reduce the heavy metal contamination in urban agroecosystems to minimise its detrimental effects on the environment and human health.

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Acknowledgement

The first author (Siril Singh) acknowledges the funding from the Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, government of India, under Women Scientist Scheme-B, WISE-KIRAN DIVISION, Project Grant No. DST/WOS-B/2018/1589.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Environment Studies, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India

    Siril Singh

  2. Soil Ecosystem and Restoration Ecology Lab, Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India

    Siril Singh, Rajni Yadav & Anand Narain Singh

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  1. Siril Singh
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  2. Rajni Yadav
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  3. Anand Narain Singh
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Correspondence to Anand Narain Singh .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India

    Rishikesh Singh

  2. Department of Environmental Studies, PGDAV College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India

    Pardeep Singh

  3. Department of Botany, Deen Dayal Upadhyaya College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India

    Sachchidanand Tripathi

  4. Department of Forestry, Wildlife & Environmental Sciences, Guru Ghasidas Central University, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India

    K. K. Chandra

  5. Department of Environmental Studies, Delhi College of Arts and Commerce University of Delhi, New Delhi, Delhi, India

    Rahul Bhadouria

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Singh, S., Yadav, R., Singh, A.N. (2023). Ingression of Heavy Metals in Urban Agroecosystems: Sources, Phytotoxicity and Consequences on Human Health. In: Singh, R., Singh, P., Tripathi, S., Chandra, K.K., Bhadouria, R. (eds) Xenobiotics in Urban Ecosystems. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-35775-6_8

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