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Rheology of Shear Thickening Fluid

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Shear Thickening Fluid

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Abstract

Performing a complete rheological characterization of shear thickening fluid (STF) is of paramount importance from different perspectives. From the point of view of the formulation, rheology will help not only in the selection of the right particle shape and size, its concentration, the carrier fluid, etc., but also in the evaluation of the dispersing protocol and in the assessment of its shelf life and stability. Moreover, rheology provides valuable information about the mechanism responsible for the shear thickening behavior in the chosen formulation, which may be important regarding its final application. From this latter perspective, in their application in real products, STF will undergo complex flows, which are a combination of shear and extensional rates of deformation; therefore, the mere information regarding the dependence of the viscosity on the shear rate is simply insufficient to predict the performance of the STF. Finally, a complete rheological characterization is required to provide useful information for developing and validating new and more realistic constitutive models for STF. This chapter presents an extensive revision of the current state of the art regarding the rheological characterization of STF under conventional rheometric flows and non-conventional experiments.

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Abbreviations

BET:

Back extrusion technique

CST:

Continuous shear thickening

CSR:

Controlled shear rate

CSS:

Controlled shear stress

DST:

Discontinuous shear thickening

d 0 :

Initial diameter (m)

d f :

Final diameter (m)

d min :

Minimum diameter (m)

F :

Force (N)

g :

Gravitational acceleration (m2/s)

G ′ :

Storage modulus (Pa)

G ′′ :

Loss modulus (Pa)

h 0 :

Initial height

L :

Length (m)

LAOS:

Large amplitude oscillatory shear

LVR:

Linear viscoelastic region

MRSTF:

Magnetorheological shear thickening fluid

N 1 :

First normal stress difference

N 2 :

Second normal stress difference

PCC:

Precipitated calcium carbonate

Q :

Flow rate (m3/s)

r :

Radius (m)

SAOS:

Small amplitude oscillatory shear

SBE:

Short back extrusion

SHPB:

Split-Hopkinson pressure bar

STF:

Shear thickening fluid

t :

Time (s)

wt :

Mass fraction (%)

δ :

Phase angle (rad)

∆p:

Pressure drop (Pa)

γ :

Strain

\( \dot{\gamma} \) :

Shear rate (s−1)

\( {\dot{\gamma}}_w \) :

Shear rate at wall (s−1)

\( \dot{\epsilon} \) :

Extension rate (s−1)

η :

Shear viscosity (Pa∙s)

η + :

Transient viscosity (Pa∙s)

Λ0:

Initial aspect ratio

ρ :

Density (kg/m3)

σ :

Surface tension (N/m)

τ :

Shear stress (Pa)

τ w :

Shear stress at wall (Pa)

\( {\varPsi}_1^{+} \) :

First normal stress coefficient

\( {\varPsi}_2^{+} \) :

Second normal stress coefficient

ω :

Angular frequency (rad/s)

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Acknowledgments

Authors would like to acknowledge the financial support from FEDER funds through COMPETE2020-Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização (POCI) and FCT/MCTES LA/P/0045/2020 (ALiCE), UIDB/00532/2020, UIDP/00532/2020 (CEFT), and UI/BD/150887/2021, funded by national funds through FCT/MCTES (PIDDAC) and NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000054.

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  1. CEFT—Centro de Estudos de Fenómenos de Transporte, Departmento de Engenharia Mecânica, Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal

    Miguel Montenegro & Laura Campo-Deaño

  2. ALiCE—Laboratório Associado em Engenharia Química, Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal

    Miguel Montenegro, Laura Campo-Deaño & Francisco J. Galindo-Rosales

  3. CEFT—Centro de Estudos de Fenómenos de Transporte, Departmento de Engenharia Química, Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal

    Francisco J. Galindo-Rosales

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  1. Miguel Montenegro
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  3. Francisco J. Galindo-Rosales
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Correspondence to Francisco J. Galindo-Rosales .

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  1. Department of Aeronautical Engineering, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Türkiye

    Selim Gürgen

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Montenegro, M., Campo-Deaño, L., Galindo-Rosales, F.J. (2023). Rheology of Shear Thickening Fluid. In: Gürgen, S. (eds) Shear Thickening Fluid. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25717-9_2

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