Abstract
Selenium (Se) is a crucial element with high metabolic activity for human health. The primary source of Se for animals and humans is diet. Dietary intakes of Se depend on geographical conditions, levels of the element in the soil, agricultural practices, type of diet, whether meat-eating or vegetarian, rich in seafood or not, and, most of all, the economic conditions of consumers. The distribution, absorption, and excretion of Se in the body after ingestion depend on many factors, especially the chemical form and total amount of the element in the diet. The kidney, liver, skeletal muscle, pancreas, and heart have the highest Se concentration. Se level is generally measured in plasma, serum, whole blood, or erythrocytes. Urinary Se is a safe marker for the latest Se uptake rather than a vital identification for Se status. It has a narrow range of doses that are essential for humans and associated with side effects. The recommended amount of dietary Se per day varies by gender and age. Se deficiency can cause health disorders such as mental retardation, goiter, muscular dystrophy, immune system, or bone diseases, although excess Se can cause death due to toxicity. Optimum selenoprotein expression and adequate level of Se intake protect from free-radical oxidation. Se is identified as an agent to prevent cardiovascular diseases, muscle disorders, some forms of cancer, and Alzheimer’s disease, as an inhibitor of viral expression, and as a delaying factor in the progression of AIDS and the aging process in HIV-positive patients.
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Ozturk Kurt, B., Ozdemir, S. (2022). Selenium in Food Chain in Relation to Human and Animal Nutrition and Health. In: Hossain, M.A., Ahammed, G.J., Kolbert, Z., El-Ramady, H., Islam, T., Schiavon, M. (eds) Selenium and Nano-Selenium in Environmental Stress Management and Crop Quality Improvement. Sustainable Plant Nutrition in a Changing World. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-07063-1_19
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