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In Vitro Culture of Autonomous Embryos as a Model System for the Study of Plant Stress Tolerance to Abiotic Factors (on the Example of Cereals)

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Abstract—

One approach to the experimental evaluation of plant tolerance to abiotic stress-factors that can be performed under in vitro culture conditions is based on zygotic embryos used at a particular developmental stage embryo culture in vitro) as explants. The cultivation of immature embryos at-the critical stage of their relative autonomy is especially promising in this respect. Such embryos can themselves, independently of physiological factors of the maternal organism, give rise to full-fledged plants under adequate conditions in vitro and then ex vitro. This makes possible to bypass another stage of morphogenic callus formation and directly derive regenerants. This paper reviews the literature and the authors’ data dealing with the identification of the stage of relative autonomy of cereal embryogenesis in vivo. The use of the relatively autonomous embryos in the assessment of drought tolerance under selective conditions in vitro is also discussed. It is emphasized that the embryo culture in vitro, as a model system for evaluation of plant stress tolerance, is promising, because the embryo has all of the morphogenetic potentials of an adult organism. Furthermore, the morphogenetic reactions of plants in vivo and explants/regenerants in vitro are similar according to the principle of universality of plant morphogenesis in natural and experimental conditions.

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Funding

This study was carried out on project no. AAAA-A18-118022190099-6 within the framework of the State Assignment of Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, no. 075-00326-19-00.

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  1. Ufa Institute of Biology, Ufa Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 450054, Ufa, Bashkortostan, Russia

    N. N. Kruglova & A. E. Zinatullina

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  1. N. N. Kruglova
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Correspondence to N. N. Kruglova.

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Kruglova, N.N., Zinatullina, A.E. In Vitro Culture of Autonomous Embryos as a Model System for the Study of Plant Stress Tolerance to Abiotic Factors (on the Example of Cereals). Biol Bull Rev 12, 201–211 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1134/S2079086422020050

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