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Use of Probiotic Bacillus spp. in Rotifer (Brachionus plicatilis) and Artemia (Artemia urmiana) Enrichment: Effects on Growth and Survival of Pacific White Shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, Larvae

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Abstract

This study was to evaluate the effect of a preparation of Bacillus probiotic (Bacillus licheniformis and B. subtilis, 1:1) on growth and survival rate of Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei larvae. The larvae were fed on Artemia urmiana nauplii and Brachionus plicatilis enriched with the probiotic preparation at 1 × 106 CFU mL−1 rate. The experimental setup was completely randomized design comprised of six treatments, namely solo Artemia nauplii (A) or rotifer (R), Artemia nauplii and rotifer without any enrichment (A + R), Artemia nauplii enrichment with probiotic bacilli (Bacillus licheniformis and B. subtilis) (A + B), rotifer enrichment with probiotic bacilli (R + B) and enriched Artemia nauplii and rotifer (A + R + B). All treatments were performed in triplicate. Chemical parameters of rearing water viz. pH, salinity and temperature were 7.5–8, 30–31 ppt and 31–32 °C, respectively. Photoperiod was 16L:8D. Shrimp larvae were fed Artemia nauplii and rotifers at 5–20 and 10–40 individuals per shrimp larvae four times a day, respectively. Growth and survival rate of larvae were determined at MII, MIII, PL1, PL4, PL7 and PL10 stages. Larvae in A + R + B treatment showed the highest total length (10.89 ± 0.51 mm), weight (674 ± 73 μg) and survival rate (65 % ± 3.5). Lowest total length, weight and survival rate (7.96 ± 0.63 mm, 493 ± 52 μg and 24.5 ± 2.4 %, respectively) were recorded in treatment B larvae. We concluded that Bacillus probiotic can improve growth and survival rate of Pacific white shrimp larvae without conceivably undesirable effects.

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Acknowledgments

The authors wish to thank people in Urmia Lake research center (Urmia, Iran) and the Gomishan shrimp production hatchery (Golestan-Iran) for their invaluable assistance. The authors wish to thank Mr. Pourfaraj (a Ph.D. Candidate at Simon Fraser University) for his assistance in English edition.

Conflict of interest

Hadi Jamali, Ahmad Imani, Daruosh Abdollahi, Reza Roozbehfar and Amin Isari declare that they have no conflict of interests.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Fisheries, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran

    Hadi Jamali & Ahmad Imani

  2. Department of Fisheries, Gonbad Kavous University, Gonbad Kavous, Iran

    Daruosh Abdollahi

  3. Department of Fisheries, Khorramshahr University of Marine Science and Technology, Khorramshahr, Iran

    Reza Roozbehfar

  4. Department of Fisheries, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz Branch, Ahvaz, Iran

    Amin Isari

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Jamali, H., Imani, A., Abdollahi, D. et al. Use of Probiotic Bacillus spp. in Rotifer (Brachionus plicatilis) and Artemia (Artemia urmiana) Enrichment: Effects on Growth and Survival of Pacific White Shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, Larvae. Probiotics & Antimicro. Prot. 7, 118–125 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12602-015-9189-3

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