Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Management of wheat blast with synthetic fungicides, partial resistance and silicate and phosphite minerals

  • Published:
Phytoparasitica Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Field trials conducted on a yellow-red latossol (pH 6.0), replicated in 2010 and 2011, sought to examine the effect of silicon, phosphite minerals, synthetic fungicides and genetic resistance for wheat blast management (Magnaporthe grisea) in Central Brazil. Disease intensity was measured on cvs. BRS 264 and BR18 subjected to the following Si treatments: pre-plant furrow application of Ca & Mg silicate (300 kg ha-1); post-plant scattered application of Ca & Mg silicate on top of the soil (1 ton ha-1); multiple foliar SiO2 applications (30 g l -1); and non-treated control. Blast incidence and severity were scored. Further experiments were conducted on cv. BR-264, for examination of the effect of potassium phosphite and synthetic fungicides on wheat blast intensity, with the following treatments: K2HPO3 (1ml l -1); epoxinazole + pyraclostrobin (700 ml ha-1); tebuconazole (600 ml ha-1); tebuconazole + trifloxystrobin (750 ml ha-1); and non-treated control. In 2010, disease intensity was lower than in 2011. In the silicate experiments, disease was significantly lower when plants were treated with foliar or furrow silicate. Si applications significantly reduced disease in BRS-264. While BR-18 consistently demonstrated lower disease levels, cv. BRS-264 generally responded more markedly to silicon applications. In the phosphite/fungicide experiment of 2010, all treatments reduced disease when compared with the control, and in 2011 phosphite efficiency was not significantly different from some fungicide treatments. Synthetic fungicides demonstrated an average blast control of 55% by severity values. Yields were increased in the phosphite-treated plots (by 9–80%), in the Si treatments (by 26–92%), and more so, and more consistently, with synthetic fungicides (by 90–121%). Combined results of all field studies, carried out under environmental conditions highly conducive to disease, indicated that control of wheat blast necessitates the joint integration of several alternatives for efficient disease management.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Arruda, M. A., Bueno, C. R. N. C., Zamprogno, K. C., Lavorenti, N. A., & Urashima, A. S. (2005). Reação do trigo à Magnaporthe grisea nos diferentes estádios de desenvolvimento. [Reaction of wheat to Magnaporthe grisea at different stages of host development]. Fitopatologia Brasileira, 30, 121–126.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bélanger, R. R., Benhamou, N., & Menzies, J. G. (2003). Cytological evidence of an active role of silicon in wheat resistance to powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis f.sp. tritici). Phytopathology, 93, 402–412.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Berni, R. F., & Prabhu, A. S. (2003). Eficiência relativa de fontes de silício no controle de brusone nas folhas de arroz. [Relative efficiency of silicon sources on rice leaf blast control]. Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, 38, 195–201.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cardoso, C. A. A., Reis, E. M., & Moreira, E. M. (2008). Development of a warning system for wheat blast caused by Pyricularia grisea. Summa Phytopathologica, 34, 216–221.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cai, K., Gao, D., Chen, J., & Luo, S. (2009). Mini-Review: Probing the mechanisms of silicon-mediated pathogen resistance. Plant Signaling and Behavior, 4, 1–3.

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chérif, M., Menzies, J. G., Benhamou, N., & Bélanger, R. R. (1992). Studies of silicon distribution in wounded and Pythium ultimum infected cucumber plants. Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology, 41, 371–85.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cruz, C. D., Bockus, W., Pedley, K., Peterson, G., Stack, J., Tang, X., et al. (2011a). Resistance among U.S. wheat (Triticum aestivum) cultivars to the wheat pathotype of Magnaporthe oryzae. Phytopathology, 101, S220. Abstract.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cruz, M. F. A., Diniz, A. P. C., Rodrigues, F. A., & Barros, E. G. (2011b). Aplicação foliar de produtos na redução da severidade da brusone do trigo. [Foliar application of products on the reduction of wheat blast severity]. Tropical Plant Pathology, 36, 424–428.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cruz, M. F. A., Prestes, A. M., Maciel, J. L. N., & Scheeren, P. L. (2010). Resistência parcial à brusone de genótipos de trigo comum e sintético nos estádios de planta jovem e de planta adulta. [Partial resistance to blast on common and synthetic wheat genotypes in seedling and in adult plant growth stages]. Tropical Plant Pathology, 35, 24–31.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dallagnol, L. J., Rodrigues, F. A., Mielli, M. V. B., Ma, J. F., & Datnoff, L. E. (2009). Defective active silicon uptake affects some components of rice resistance to brown spot. Phytopathology, 99, 116–121.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dallagnol, L. J., Rodrigues, F. A., Tanaka, F. A. O., Amorim, L., & Camargo, L. E. A. (2012). Effect of potassium silicate on epidemic components of powdery mildew on melon. Plant Pathology, 61, 323–330.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Datnoff, L. E., Rodrigues, F. A., & Seebold, K. W. (2007). Silicon and plant disease. In L. E. Datnoff, W. H. Elmer, & D. M. Huber (Eds.), Mineral nutrition and plant disease (pp. 233–246). St. Paul, MN, USA: APS Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Deliopoulos, T., Kettlewell, P. S., & Hare, M. C. (2010). Fungal disease suppression by inorganic salts: A review. Crop Protection, 29, 1059–1075.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dias Neto, J. J., Santos, G. R., Silva, L. M. A., Cunha, A. C. R., Rangel, P. H. N., & Ferreira, M. E. (2010). Hot spots for diversity of Magnaporthe oryzae physiological races in irrigated rice fields in Brazil. Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira, 45, 252–260.

    Google Scholar 

  • Domiciano, G. P., Rodrigues, F. A., Vale, F. X. R., Xavier, M. S., Moreira, W. R., Andrade, C. C. L., et al. (2010). Wheat resistance to spot blotch potentiated by silicon. Journal of Phytopathology, 158, 334–343.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Duveiller, E., Singh, R. P., & Nicol, J. M. (2007). The challenges of maintaining wheat productivity: pests, diseases, and potential epidemics. Euphytica, 157, 417–430.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Duveiller, E., Hodson, D., Sonder, K., & von Tiedemann, A. (2011). An international perspective on wheat blast. Phytopathology, 101, S220. Abstract.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fernandes, J. C., & Pavan, W. (2011). Risk mapping wheat blast potential in Brazil. Phytopathology, 101, S221. Abstract.

    Google Scholar 

  • French-Monar, R. D., Rodrigues, F. A., Korndorfer, G. H., & Datnoff, L. E. (2010). Silicon suppresses Phytophthora blight development on bell pepper. Journal of Phytopathology, 158, 554–560.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Forster, H., Adaskaveg, J. E., Kim, D. H., & Stanghellini, M. E. (1998). Effect of phosphite on tomato and pepper plants and susceptibility of pepper to Phytophthora root and crown rot in hydroponic culture. Plant Disease, 82, 1165–1170.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Goulart, A. C. P., & Paiva, F. A. (1992). Incidência de brusone (Pyricularia oryzae) em diferentes cultivares de trigo (Triticum aestivum) em condições de campo. [Incidence of blast (Pyricularia oryzae) in different wheat cultivars under field conditions]. Fitopatologia Brasileira, 17, 321–325.

    Google Scholar 

  • Goulart, A. C. P., & Paiva, F. A. (1993). Avaliação de fungicidas no controle da brusone (Pyricularia oryzae) do trigo (Triticum aestivum). [Evaluation of fungicides in the control of wheat (Triticum aestivum) blast (Pyricularia oryzae)]. Fitopatologia Brasileira, 18, 167–173.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Goulart, A. C. P., Paiva, F. A., Melo-Filho, G. A., & Richetti, A. (1996). Efeito da época e do número de aplicações dos fungicidas tebuconazole e mancozebe no controle da brusone (Pyricularia grisea) do trigo. Viabilidade técnica e econômica. [Effect of timing and number of applications of the fungicides tebuconazole and mancozeb on the control of wheat blast disease (Pyricularia grisea) – economical and technical viability]. Fitopatologia Brasileira, 21, 381–387.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Goulart, A. C. P., Souza, P. C., & Urashima, A. S. (2007). Danos em trigo causados pela infecção por Pyricularia grisea. [Damage in wheat caused by infection of Pyricularia grisea]. Summa Phytopathologica, 33, 358–363.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Igarashi, S., Utiamada, C. M., Igarashi, L. C., Kazuma, A. H., & Lopes, R. S. (1986). Ocorrência de Pyricularia sp. em trigo no estado do Paraná. [Occurrence of Pyricularia sp. on wheat in the state of Paraná]. Fitopatologia Brasileira, 11, 351–352. Abstract.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kohli, M. M., Mehta, Y. R., Guzman, E., De Viedma, L., & Cubilla, L. E. (2011). Pyricularia blast - a threat to wheat cultivation. A review. Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding, 47, 130–134.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lovatt, C. J., & Mikkelsen, R. L. (2006). Phosphite fertilizers: What are they? Can you use them? What can they do? Better Crops, 90, 11–13.

    Google Scholar 

  • Manandhar, H. K., Jørgensen, H. J. L., Mathur, S. B., & Smedegaard-Petersen, V. (1998). Resistance to rice blast induced by ferric chloride, di-potassium hydrogen phosphate and salicylic acid. Crop Protection, 17, 323–329.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Prabhu, A. S., Barbosa Filho, M. P., Filippi, M. C., Datnoff, L. E., & Snyder, G. H. (2001). Silicon from rice disease control perspective in Brazil. In L. E. Datnoff, G. H. Snyder, & G. H. Korndörfer (Eds.), Silicon in agriculture (pp. 293–311). Amsterdam, the Netherlands: Elsevier.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Rafi, M. M., & Epstein, E. (1999). Silicon absorption by wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Plant and Soil, 211, 223–230.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rémus-Borel, W., Menzie, J. G., & Bélanger, R. R. (2005). Silicon induces antifungal compounds in powdery mildew-infected wheat. Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology, 66, 108–115.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Resende, R. R., Rodrigues, F. A., Soares, J. M., & Casela, C. R. (2009). Influence of silicon on some components of resistance to anthracnose in susceptible and resistant sorghum lines. European Journal of Plant Pathology, 124, 533–541.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Reuveni, M. (1997). Post-infection applications of K3PO3, phosphorous acid and dimethomorph inhibit development of downy mildew caused by Plasmopara viticola on grapes. Journal of Small Fruit & Viticulture, 5, 27–38.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rodrigues, F. A., Datnoff, L. E., Korndörfer, G. H., Seebold, K. W., & Rush, M. C. (2001). Effect of silicon and host resistance on sheath blight development in rice. Plant Disease, 85, 827–832.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rohrbach, K. G., & Schenck, S. (1985). Control of pineapple heart rot, caused by Phytophthora parasitica and P. cinnamomi, with fosetyl-Al and phosphorous acid. Plant Disease, 69, 320–323.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Santos, G. R., Castro Neto, M. D., Ramos, L. N., Sarmento, R. A., Korndörfer, G. H., & Ignácio, M. (2011a). Effect of silicon sources on rice diseases and yield in the State of Tocantins, Brazil. Acta Scientiarum Agronomy, 33, 451–456.

    Google Scholar 

  • Santos, H. A. A., Pria, M. D., Silva, O. C., & Mio, L. L. M. (2011b). Controle de doenças do trigo com fosfitos e acibenzolar-s-metil isoladamente ou associados a piraclostrobina + epoxiconazole. [Control of wheat diseases using phosphites and acibenzolar-s-methyl alone or associated with piraclostrobina + epoxiconazole]. Semina: Ciências Agrárias, 32, 433–442.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Scheuermann, K. K., & Eberhardt, D. S. (2011). Avaliação de fungicidas para o controle da brusone de panícula na cultura do arroz irrigado. [Fungicide evaluation for the control of panicle blast in irrigated rice]. Revista de Ciências Agroveterinárias, 10, 23–28.

    Google Scholar 

  • Seebold, K. W., Datnoff, L. E., Correia-Victoria, F. J., Kucharek, T. A., & Snyder, G. H. (2004). Effects of silicon and fungicides on the control of leaf and neck blast in upland rice. Plant Disease, 88, 253–258.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Swamy, H. N., Sannaulla, S., & Kumar, M. D. (2009). Evaluation of new fungicides against rice blast in Cauvery delta. Karnataka Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 22, 450–451.

    Google Scholar 

  • Trindade, M. G., Prabhu, A. S., Sá e Silva, M. (2006). Resistência parcial de genótipos de trigo a brusone nas folhas. .[Partial resistance of wheat genotypes to foliar blast]. Passo Fundo, BR: Embrapa Trigo (Comunicado Técnico, 201).

  • Urashima, A. S., & Kato, H. (1994). Varietal resistance and chemical control of wheat blast fungus. Summa Phytopathologica, 20, 107–112.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Urashima, A. S., Lavorenti, N. A., Goulart, A. C. P., & Mehta, Y. R. (2004). Resistance spectra of wheat cultivars and virulence diversity of Magnaporthe grisea isolates in Brazil. Fitopatologia Brasileira, 29, 511–518.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Winslow, M. D. (1992). Silicon, disease resistance and yield of rice genotypes under upland cultural conditions. Crop Science, 32, 1208–1213.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Xavier Filha, M. S., Rodrigues, F. A., Domiciano, G. P., Oliveira, H. V., Silveira, P. R., & Moreira, W. R. (2011). Wheat resistance to leaf blast mediated by silicon. Australasian Plant Pathology, 40, 28–38.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zadoks, J. C., Chang, T. T., & Konzac, C. F. A. (1974). A decimal code for the growth stages of cereals. Weed Research, 14, 415–421.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zanão Junior, L. A. Z., Rodrigues, F. A., Fontes, R. L. F., Korndörfer, G. H., & Neves, J. C. L. (2009). Rice resistance to brown spot mediated by silicon and its interaction with manganese. Journal of Phytopathology, 157, 73–78.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

A.C. Café-Filho is a research fellow of the Brazilian National Research Council, grant no. CNPq 301.095/2009-4.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Graduate Programme in Plant Pathology, Universidade de Brasília, 70910-900, Brasília, DF, Brazil

    Ana Paula S. Pagani & Adalberto C. Café-Filho

  2. Embrapa-Cerrados, 73310-970, Planaltina, DF, Brazil

    Alexei C. Dianese

Authors
  1. Ana Paula S. Pagani
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Alexei C. Dianese
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Adalberto C. Café-Filho
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Adalberto C. Café-Filho.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Pagani, A.P.S., Dianese, A.C. & Café-Filho, A.C. Management of wheat blast with synthetic fungicides, partial resistance and silicate and phosphite minerals. Phytoparasitica 42, 609–617 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12600-014-0401-x

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12600-014-0401-x

Keywords

Search

Navigation