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Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Microextraction Combined With Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography for the Determination of Some Photoinitiators in Fruit Juice

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Abstract

A fast and simple technique composed of dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (DLLME) and micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) with diode array detector (DAD) was developed for the determination of multi-photoinitiators in fruit juice. Seven photoinitiators were separated in MEKC using a 25 mM borate buffer of pH 8.0, containing 24 mM sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), 10 mM β-cyclodextrin (β-CD), and 12.5 % acetonitrile (v/v). A CD-modified MEKC made this method more suitable for the determination of isopropylthioxanthone (ITX) isomers including 2-IXT and 4-ITX than the recently prescribed methods. A DLLME procedure was used as an offline preconcentration strategy. The satisfactory recoveries obtained by DLLME spiked at two spiked levels ranged from 85.6 to 124.7 % with relative standard deviations (RSDs) below 14 %. The limits of quantification (LOQs) ranged from 2.1 to 6.0 μg kg−1.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported financially by China Agriculture Research System (No. CARS-27), National Risk Assessment Program for Agricultural Products Quality and Safety(GJFP2014003), National Key Technology R&D Program (No.2007BAD47B07), Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing (No. cstc2013jcyjA0435, No. cstc2013jjB80009), and Fundamental Research Fund for the Central Universities (No. XDJK2012C059).

Conflict of Interest

Yaohai Zhang has no conflict of interest. Bining Jiao has no conflict of interest. This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400712, People’s Republic of China

    Yaohai Zhang & Bining Jiao

  2. Laboratory of Citrus Quality and Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Agriculture, Chongqing, 400712, People’s Republic of China

    Yaohai Zhang & Bining Jiao

  3. Quality Supervision and Testing Centre for Citrus and Seedling, Ministry of Agriculture, Chongqing, 400712, People’s Republic of China

    Yaohai Zhang & Bining Jiao

  4. National Center for Citrus Engineering, Chongqing, 400712, People’s Republic of China

    Yaohai Zhang & Bining Jiao

  5. Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory for Citrus, Chongqing, 400712, People’s Republic of China

    Yaohai Zhang & Bining Jiao

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  1. Yaohai Zhang
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  2. Bining Jiao
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Correspondence to Bining Jiao.

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Zhang, Y., Jiao, B. Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Microextraction Combined With Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography for the Determination of Some Photoinitiators in Fruit Juice. Food Anal. Methods 8, 973–981 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12161-014-9971-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12161-014-9971-y

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