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Hydrogen peroxide supplementation alleviates the deleterious effects of cadmium on photosynthetic pigments and oxidative stress and improves growth, yield and pods quality of pea (Pisum sativum L.) plants

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Abstract

The effects of foliar applied H2O2 on chlorophyll, carotenoids, the non-enzymatic defense system (ascorbic acid), malondialdehyde (MDA) hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and growth were assessed in roots and shoots of pea (Pisum sativum L.) plants exposed to excess cadmium. In addition, we evaluated the influences of H2O2 spraying on proline, soluble sugars and soluble proteins contents. Excessive cadmium treatment caused reduction in the growth parameters (dry mass, pods and seeds dry weights), chlorophyll and carotenoids contents, roots total free amino acids, roots soluble sugars as well as shoots and roots soluble proteins levels but increased total free amino acids and soluble sugars contents in shoots. Concentrations of hydrogen peroxide and MDA was enhanced under Cd treatment. The foliar treatment of H2O2 alleviated the detrimental effects generated under Cd treatment that represented as increment in pea growth. H2O2 spraying increased photosynthetic pigments, growth characteristics, soluble proteins, and ascorbic acid contents comparing to the control sets not receiving H2O2. Similarly, a higher up-regulation was detected in proline contents of Cd + H2O2 set than Cd group ones at 0.25 mM Cd. Contrarily, malondialdehyde (MDA), soluble sugars and total free amino acids contents of Cd + H2O2 set revealed a lower decrease than Cd group ones especially in roots. The results demonstrated that H2O2 treatment could inverse the harmful effects of cadmium on growth, through inducing the non-enzymatic defense system (ascorbate), proline accumulation, maintenance of chlorophyll in pea leaves and lowering the intensity of H2O2 and lipid peroxidation (MDA).

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Abbreviations

AsA:

Ascorbic acid

Chl:

Chlorophyll

LP:

Lipid peroxidation

GSH:

Glutathione

MDA:

Malondialdehyde

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

SS:

Soluble sugars

SP:

Soluble proteins

TAA:

Total free amino acids

TCA:

Trichloroacetic acid

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Acknowledgements

We express our gratitude to the respectful reviewers for helpful, purposeful comments to improve the manuscript and present this work in its fullest required form.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Botany & Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, 71516, Egypt

    Suzan Sayed & Mohamed Gadallah

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  1. Suzan Sayed
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  2. Mohamed Gadallah
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Correspondence to Suzan Sayed.

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Sayed, S., Gadallah, M. Hydrogen peroxide supplementation alleviates the deleterious effects of cadmium on photosynthetic pigments and oxidative stress and improves growth, yield and pods quality of pea (Pisum sativum L.) plants. Acta Physiol Plant 41, 113 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-019-2901-2

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