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Fads1 and 2 are promoted to meet instant need for long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in goose fatty liver

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Abstract

Global prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) constitutes a threat to human health. Goose is a unique model of NAFLD for discovering therapeutic targets as its liver can develop severe steatosis without overt injury. Fatty acid desaturase (Fads) is a potential therapeutic target as Fads expression and mutations are associated with liver fat. Here, we hypothesized that Fads was promoted to provide a protection for goose fatty liver. To test this, goose Fads1 and Fads2 were sequenced. Fads1/2/6 expression was determined in goose liver and primary hepatocytes by quantitative PCR. Liver fatty acid composition was also analyzed by gas chromatography. Data indicated that hepatic Fads1/2/6 expression was gradually increased with the time of overfeeding. In contrast, trans-C18:1n9 fatty acid (Fads inhibitor) was reduced. However, enhanced Fads capacity for long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LC-PUFA) synthesis was not sufficient to compensate for the depleted LC-PUFAs in goose fatty liver. Moreover, cell studies showed that Fads1/2/6 expression was regulated by fatty liver-associated factors. Together, these findings suggest Fads1/2 as protective components are promoted to meet instant need for LC-PUFAs in goose fatty liver, and we propose this is required for severe hepatic steatosis without liver injury.

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Acknowledgments

This study was financially supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China (Beijing, China) to D.G. (31372298) and T.G. (31472086), the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions to both D.G. and T.G., Jiangsu Agriculture Science and Technology Innovation Fund [Jiangsu, China; Grant No. CX(12)2033] to D.G., Scientific and Technical Support Program of Jiangsu Province (Jiangsu, China; Grant No. BE2011328) to D.G, and the Research and Innovation Program for College Graduates of Jiangsu Province (.KYLX_1355) to Y.Z.

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    1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China

      Rashid H. Osman, Long Liu, Lili Xia, Xing Zhao, Qianqian Wang, Xiaoxian Sun, Yihui Zhang, Biao Yang, Yun Zheng, Daoqing Gong & Tuoyu Geng

    2. Colleage of Veterinary Science, West Kordofan University, El Nuhud 20, Sudan

      Rashid H. Osman

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    Osman, R.H., Liu, L., Xia, L. et al. Fads1 and 2 are promoted to meet instant need for long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in goose fatty liver. Mol Cell Biochem 418, 103–117 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11010-016-2737-7

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