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Identification and Characterization of a Novel Bovine Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase Isoform with Homology to Human SCD5

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Lipids

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Abstract

Stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) is an enzyme responsible for the production of cis-9, trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid in ruminant fats, and for the synthesis of palmitoleoyl-CoA and oleoyl-CoA. To date, only one SCD isoform has been described in ruminant species, although multiple isoforms have been found in many other mammalian species. In this paper, we describe for the first time a second SCD isoform in cattle, which appears to be an ortholog of human SCD5 rather than a homolog of bovine SCD1 or any of the described murine SCD isoforms. As described in other SCD proteins, the predicted amino acid sequence of bovine SCD5 includes four transmembrane domains and three conserved histidine motifs. The amino-terminus of the predicted protein sequence of SCD5 lacks the PEST sequences typically found in SCD1 homologs, which are thought to target proteins for rapid degradation. Similar to human SCD5, the bovine SCD5 gene is organized into five exons and four introns, and is highly expressed in the brain. In other tissues examined, mRNA expression of SCD5 was minimal. Furthermore, the expression levels of SCD5 between brain gray and white matter are not different. This is the first description of a homolog of human SCD5 in a non-primate species.

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Abbreviations

bp:

Base pair(s)

cDNA:

DNA complementary to RNA

CLA:

Conjugated linoleic acid

kb:

Kilobase(s) or 1000 bp

PCR:

Polymerase chain reaction

RACE:

Rapid amplification of cDNA ends

RT:

Reverse transcription

SCD:

Stearoyl-CoA desaturase

UTR:

Untranslated region

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Acknowledgments

We thank Hengjian Wang and Kim Waterman of the Department of Food Science and Technology at Virginia Tech and Smith Valley Meats for tissue samples, and the Virginia Bioinformatics Institute for sequencing work. This research was supported by the Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Dairy Science, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA

    Andrea J. Lengi & Benjamin A. Corl

  2. 2020 Litton Reaves Hall, Blacksburg, VA, 24061-0315, USA

    Benjamin A. Corl

Authors
  1. Andrea J. Lengi
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  2. Benjamin A. Corl
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Correspondence to Benjamin A. Corl.

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Lengi, A.J., Corl, B.A. Identification and Characterization of a Novel Bovine Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase Isoform with Homology to Human SCD5. Lipids 42, 499–508 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11745-007-3056-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11745-007-3056-2

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