Abstract
Superoxide anion radical (O •−2 ) is a toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS). Schiff-base metal complexes have been widely studied as synthetic antioxidants to scavenge ROS. However, it is toxic and shows poor water solubility. In this work, a kind of novel water-soluble biopolymer/metal complex conjugate (HO-SAM@BSA) was prepared by binding the 4-hydroxy-salicylaldehyde amino acid Schiff-base metal complexes (HO-SAM, M = Cu, Zn, Co) with water-soluble biopolymer bovine serum albumin (BSA). The conjugates were characterized using IR, UV–Vis, circular dichroism spectra (CD), and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). The results show that the structure of BSA is maintained when the binding rate (nHO-SAM: nBSA) of amino acid Schiff-base metal complexes is 10. In addition, the O •−2 scavenging activities of resultant conjugates were determined via nitrobule tetrazolium assay method. After combining HO-SAM into BSA, the poor water-solubility of HO-SAM is improved, and the O •−2 scavenging activity of BSA increases dramatically. The conjugation HO-SCCu@BSA displays excellent O •−2 scavenging activity. When the EC50 value was 0.10 μmol/L, the analog quantity reached 41 % of natural SOD. Therefore, it can act as a bifunctional mimic of enzyme, which has a great application prospect in antioxidant drug.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
R.C. Robert, Biological Inorganic Chemistry (Elsevier, Amsterdam, 2008)
G. Ceyhan, C. Çelik, S. Uruş, İ. Demirtaş, M. Elmastaş, M. Tümer, Spectrochim Acta A 81(1), 184–198 (2011)
S.I. Liochev, Free Radic. Biol. Med 60, 1–4 (2013)
S. Cuzzocrea, E. Mazzon, R.D. Paola, T. Genovese, C. Muià, A.P. Caputi, D. Salvemini, Arthritis Rheum. 52(6), 1929–1940 (2005)
S.R. Doctrow, K. Huffman, C.B. Marcus, G. Tocco, E. Malfroy, C.A. Adinolfi, H. Kruk, K. Baker, N. Lazarowych, J. Mascarenhas, B. Malfroy, J. Med. Chem. 45(20), 4549–4558 (2002)
W. Munroe, C. Kingsley, A. Durazo, E.B. Gralla, J.A. Imlay, C. Srinivasan, J.S. Valentine, Inorg. Biochem. 101(11–12), 1872–1875 (2007)
K.G. Vladimirova, A.Y. Freidzon, O.V. Kotova, A.A. Vaschenko, L.S. Lepnev, A.A. Bagatur’yants, A.G. Vitukhnovskiy, N.F. Stepanov, M.V. Alfimov, Inorg. Chem. 48(23), 11123–11130 (2009)
S.P. Rath, S. Mondal, T. Ghosh, Transit. Metal Chem. 21(4), 309–311 (1996)
D.Z. Li, Z.M. Chen, Q. Jin, J. Beijing Norm. Univ. (Sci.) 32, 251 (1996)
P.R. Reddy, A. Shilpa, N. Raju, P. Raghavaiah, J. Inorg. Biochem. 105(12), 1603–1612 (2011)
Y.Z. Fang, R.L. Zheng, The Theory and Application of Free Radical Biology (Sciences Press, Beijing, 2002)
J.R.J. Sorenson, J. Med. Chem. 19(1), 135–148 (1976)
H.H.A. Dollwet, J.B. McNicholas, A. Pezeshk, J.R.J. Sorenson, Trace Elem. Med. 4, 13–20 (1987)
J.R.J. Sorenson, L.W. Oberley, R.K. Crouch, T.W. Kensler, V. Kishore, S.W.C. Leuthauser, T.D. Oberley, A. Pezeshk, Biol. Trace Elem. Res. 5, 257–273 (1983)
S.E. Gandy, M.G. Buse, J.R.J. Sorenson, R.K. Crouch, Diabetologia 24(6), 437–440 (1983)
M.R. Wagner, F.A. Walker, Inorg. Chem. 22, 3021–3028 (1983)
H. Elo, P. Lumme, Inorg. Chim. Acta 136(1), 149–153 (1987)
R.M. Wang, C.J. Hao, Y.P. Wang, S.B. Li, J. Mol. Catal. A 147(1–2), 173–178 (1999)
G. Li, H.F. Zhang, R.M. Wang, Y.F. He, Y.B. Xiong, Chin. Sci. Bull. 58(24), 2956–2963 (2013)
W.P. Sheffield, L.J. Eltringham-Smith, S. Gataiance, V. Bhakta, BMC Biotechnol. 9, 15 (2009)
R.M. Wang, J.J. Mao, J.F. Song, C.X. Huo, Y.F. He, Chin. Chem. Lett. 18(11), 1416–1418 (2007)
A.E.M. Ramadan, J. Mol. Struct. 1015(1), 56–66 (2012)
P.K. Sharma, S.N. Dubey, Indian J. Chem. 33A(12), 1113–1115 (1994)
A. Ravindran, A. Singh, A.M. Raichur, N. Chandrasekaran, A. Mukherjee, Colloid Surf. B 76(1), 32–37 (2010)
H. Lee, W. Park, D. Lim, Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 20(8), 2421–2424 (2010)
X.X. Li, Studies on Antioxidant Functions of Feather Keratin Metal Complexes (Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 2012)
P.J. Hart, M.M. Balbirnie, N.L. Ogihara, A.M. Nersissian, M.S. Weiss, J.S. Valentine, D. Eisenberg, Biochemistry 38, 2167 (1999)
X.C. Yin, X.X. Li, R.M. Wang, G. Li, Y.F. He, Pure Appl. Chem. 84(12), 2641–2651 (2012)
Y.H. Zhou, H. Fu, W.X. Zhao, W.L. Chen, C.Y. Su, H. Sun, L.N. Ji, Z.W. Mao, Inorg. Chem. 46(3), 734–739 (2007)
Acknowledgments
The authors are grateful to the NSFC (21364012, 21263024) and IRTGP (1210RJIA004) for financial support.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Electronic supplementary material
Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Xu, Z., Pan, S., Li, G. et al. Albumin Conjugating Amino Acid Schiff-Base Metal Complexes for Scavenging Superoxide Anion Radical. J Inorg Organomet Polym 25, 1313–1319 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10904-015-0242-1
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10904-015-0242-1