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Echocardiographic tissue imaging evaluation of myocardial characteristics and function in cardiomyopathies

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Abstract

Current echocardiography techniques have allowed more precise assessment of cardiac structure and function of the several types of cardiomyopathies. Parameters derived from echocardiographic tissue imaging (ETI)—tissue Doppler, strain, strain rate, and others—are extensively used to provide a framework in the evaluation and management of cardiomyopathies. Generally, myocardial function assessed by ETI is depressed in all types of cardiomyopathies, non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) in particular. In hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), ETI is useful to identify subclinical disease in family members of HCM, to differentiate HCM from other conditions causing cardiac hypertrophy and to predict cardiac events. ETI also for HCM allows addressing the mechanism behind left ventricular outflow tract obstruction and its improvement after therapeutic options. ETI provides cardiac amyloidosis with unique and specific findings such as “apical sparing.” Nevertheless, ETI does not seem to provide as much information amenable to histological findings as recently emerging techniques of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. This review introduces usefulness of ETI and some other ultrasound techniques for detecting clinical and subclinical characteristics of cardiomyopathies, focusing on DCM, HCM, and cardiac amyloidosis.

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Acknowledgments

We are grateful to Keiji Nishimura of Osaka Medical College Hospital for his echocardiographic expertise and Yumiko Kanzaki of Department of Cardiology in Osaka Medical College for her CMR expertise and for assistance with the figures.

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  1. Department of Cardiology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7, Daigaku-machi,, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-8686, Japan

    Takahide Ito

  2. Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hokusetsu General Hospital, Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan

    Michihiro Suwa

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TI was involved in the design and writing of the article, and MS in drafting and revising for important intellectual content.

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Ito, T., Suwa, M. Echocardiographic tissue imaging evaluation of myocardial characteristics and function in cardiomyopathies. Heart Fail Rev 26, 813–828 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10741-020-09918-y

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