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High frequency of hemolytic and cytotoxic activity in Aeromonas spp. isolated from clinical, food and environmental in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

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Abstract

Molecular study of aerolysin and cytotonic enterotoxin genes by PCR and colony blot hybridization was performed in 117 strains of Aeromonas spp. isolated from different sources. Homogeneous distribution of these genes in A. hydrophila complex strains was observed. For A. caviae and A. sobria complex strains, aerolysin genes were more frequent than cytotonic enterotoxins genes. Of 64 A. caviae complex strains, only one (1.5%) amplified the 451 bp product for the aer gene, however, the same primers detected a 400 bp product in 50 (78%) strains. This product was sequenced and had two short regions with homology to several hemolysin genes. The genotype aer +/aerA+/hly +/ast +/alt + was detected in six A. hydrophila strains from food and environmental source. The most common genotype found in A. hydrophila strains was hly + (85%) and aerA+ (78.7%), while in A. caviae complex strains was aerA+ (32.8%). All A. veronii complex sobria strains were aer +/aerA+. All A. caviae and A. hydrophila were positive when tested with aer probe using the colony blot test. Thirty-seven percent of A. hydrophila and 53% of A. caviae tested were positive for ast probe. Eighty-nine percent of samples were cytotoxic in Vero cells. Our data demonstrated that Aeromonas spp. can harbor and express virulence genes and reinforce the potential of Aeromonas as a human pathogen.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by grants from the Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ), Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Brasil. The authors thank M. S. Esther Helena Rondon Prado and Gabriela B. Alves for technical assistance.

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  1. Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Avenida 28 de setembro 87, 3º andar, Fundos, RJ, 20551-030, Brazil

    Magda C. B. Castilho, Tatiana L. A. Castro, Viviane S. Araújo, Rosemere S. Trajano, Paula A. Santos, Paula M. C. Pimenta, Kely Lucheze, Janyne T. B. Melo, Aline M. Gonçalves, Raquel T. Nogueira, Maria Graças de Luna & Angela C. Freitas-Almeida

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  1. Magda C. B. Castilho
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  2. Tatiana L. A. Castro
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  3. Viviane S. Araújo
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  4. Rosemere S. Trajano
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  5. Paula A. Santos
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  7. Kely Lucheze
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  8. Janyne T. B. Melo
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  9. Aline M. Gonçalves
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  11. Maria Graças de Luna
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  12. Angela C. Freitas-Almeida
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Correspondence to Angela C. Freitas-Almeida.

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Castilho, M.C.B., Castro, T.L.A., Araújo, V.S. et al. High frequency of hemolytic and cytotoxic activity in Aeromonas spp. isolated from clinical, food and environmental in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 96, 53–61 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10482-009-9335-6

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