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Four-year results following treatment of intrabony periodontal defects with an enamel matrix derivative alone or combined with a biphasic calcium phosphate

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Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the 4-year clinical outcomes following regenerative surgery in intrabony defects with either EMD + BCP or EMD. Twenty-four patients with advanced chronic periodontitis, displaying one-, two-, or three-walled intrabony defect with a probing depth of at least 6 mm, were randomly treated with either EMD + BCP (test) or EMD alone (control). The following clinical parameters were evaluated at baseline, at 1 year and at 4 years after regenerative surgery: plaque index, gingival index, bleeding on probing, probing depth, gingival recession, and clinical attachment level (CAL). The primary outcome variable was CAL. No differences in any of the investigated parameters were observed at baseline between the two groups. The test group demonstrated a mean CAL change from from 10.8 ± 1.6 mm to 7.4 ± 1.6 mm (p < 0.001) and to 7.6 ± 1.7 mm (p < 0.001) at 1 and 4 years, respectively. In the control group, mean CAL changed from 10.4 ± 1.3 at baseline to 6.9 ± 1.0 mm (p < 0.001) at 1 year and 7.2 ± 1.2 mm (p < 0.001) at 4 years. At 4 years, two defects in the test group and three defects in the control group have lost 1 mm of the CAL gained at 1 year. Compared to baseline, at 4 years, a CAL gain of ≥3 mm was measured in 67% of the defects (i.e., in 8 out of 12) in the test group and in 75% of the defects (i.e., in 9 out of 12) in the control group. There were no statistically significant differences in any of the investigated parameters at 1 and at 4 years between the two groups. Within their limits, the present results indicate that: (a) the clinical improvements obtained with both treatments can be maintained over a period of 4 years, and (b) in two- and three-walled intrabony defects, the addition of BCP did not additionally improve the outcomes obtained with EMD alone. In two- and three-walled intrabony defects, the combination of EMD + BCP did not show any advantage over the use of EMD alone.

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Source of funding

The study was funded by the author's own institution.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interests.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Periodontal and Oral Mucosa Diseases, Medical Academy Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland

    Malgorzata Pietruska

  2. Dental Practice, Bialystok, Poland

    Jan Pietruski

  3. Department of Oral Surgery, Szentgyörgyi Albert University, Szeged, Hungary

    Katalin Nagy

  4. Department of Periodontology, Catholic University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium

    Michel Brecx

  5. Department of Periodontology, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany

    Nicole Birgit Arweiler

  6. Department of Periodontology, Dental School University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, 3010, Bern, Switzerland

    Anton Sculean

Authors
  1. Malgorzata Pietruska
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  2. Jan Pietruski
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  3. Katalin Nagy
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  4. Michel Brecx
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  5. Nicole Birgit Arweiler
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  6. Anton Sculean
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Correspondence to Anton Sculean.

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Pietruska, M., Pietruski, J., Nagy, K. et al. Four-year results following treatment of intrabony periodontal defects with an enamel matrix derivative alone or combined with a biphasic calcium phosphate. Clin Oral Invest 16, 1191–1197 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-011-0611-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-011-0611-2

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