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Influence of body mass index on sagittal hip range of motion and gait speed recovery six months after total hip arthroplasty

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Abstract

Purpose

In practice, obesity leads to poor functional outcomes after total hip arthroplasty (THA). However, in clinical research, the influence of body mass index (BMI) on the gait recovery and kinematics for THA is not well documented. The purpose of this study was to assess the influence of BMI on gait parameters pre-operatively and six months after THA for hip osteoarthritis (OA) patients.

Methods

We included 76 THA for hip OA: non-obese group (G1): 49 (BMI < 30 kg/2) and obese group (G2): 37 (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) with a control group of 61 healthy people. Clinical evaluation (HOOS) and a 3D gait analysis (gait speed and flexion range of the hip (ROM)) were performed before and six months after THA: The gains between the two visits were calculated and we looked for correlations between outcomes and BMI.

Results

Preoperative gait speed and hip ROM were significantly lower in obese patients (speed G1: 0.81 ± 0.22 m/s vs. G2: 0.64 ± 0.23 m/s, p = 0.004 and hip ROM G1: 26.1° ± 7.3 vs. G2: 21.4° ± 6.6, p = 0.005), and obese patients were more symptomatic. At six months, gait speed and hip ROM were significantly lower for all patients compared with the control group. No correlation between gait velocity, hip ROM, and BMI was found. Biomechanical and clinical gains were comparable in the two groups.

Conclusions

All patients, including obese patients, have significant functional improvement after THA, objectively assessed by gait speed. Even if patients did not fully recover to the level of a healthy control person after THA, functional gain is comparable irrespective of BMI.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, F-21000, Dijon, France

    Pierre Martz & Emmanuel Baulot

  2. INSERM UMR1093-CAPS, Bourgogne Franche-Comté University, UFR des Sciences de Santé, F-21000, Dijon, France

    Pierre Martz, Jean Francis Maillefert, Emmanuel Baulot & Paul Ornetti

  3. INSERM CIC1432, Clinical Investigation Centre, Clinical Epidemiology Unit, F-21000, Dijon, France

    Abderrahmane Bourredjem, Jean Francis Maillefert & Christine Binquet

  4. Department of Rheumatology, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, F-21000, Dijon, France

    Paul Ornetti

  5. INSERM CIC1432, Plurithematic Unit, Technologic Investigation Platform, F-21000, Dijon, France

    Paul Ornetti & Davy Laroche

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  1. Pierre Martz
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Correspondence to Pierre Martz.

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Authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

IRB/ethical committee approval

The study protocol was approved by the local ethics committee (CPP Est 1. Dijon. France). It was conducted in accordance with the principles of good clinical practice and the declaration of Helsinki, and it is referenced in the clinical trials website: NCT02042586.

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Level of evidence: II, prospective comparative study.

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Martz, P., Bourredjem, A., Maillefert, J.F. et al. Influence of body mass index on sagittal hip range of motion and gait speed recovery six months after total hip arthroplasty. International Orthopaedics (SICOT) 43, 2447–2455 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00264-018-4250-y

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