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Contrasting pattern of mitochondrial population diversity between an estuarine bivalve, the Kumamoto oyster Crassostrea sikamea, and the closely related Pacific oyster C. gigas

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Abstract

The Kumamoto oyster (Crassostrea sikamea) shows a spatially restricted distribution, favoring estuarine tideland environment. On the other hand, the Pacific oyster (C. gigas) has a broader range of habitat. The present study compared the mitochondrial population structure between the two closely related species. For accurate species identification of oysters sampled from Japanese and East Asian continental coasts, we performed sequencing analysis of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and PCR-RFLP assay of the first internal transcribed spacer of nuclear rRNA genes. Then, we estimated the extent of population differentiation within each of C. sikamea and C. gigas based on the mtDNA data. Few haplotypes were shared among the sites of sampling in C. sikamea, which contrasted with an extensive haplotype sharing among C. gigas samples. We discuss the mechanisms of elevated population differentiation observed in C. sikamea in light of the ecology and the ancient ocean geography around the present-day habitats.

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Acknowledgments

We are grateful to professor D. Hedgecock, University of Southern California, for kindly reading the earlier draft of the manuscript and providing many insightful comments. Many constructive suggestions from two anonymous reviewers and handling editor helped improve the manuscript. We also thank Mr. K. Kitahara of Seikai Yoshoku Giken and Dr. R. Fuseya of National Research Institute of Fisheries Engineering, Fisheries Research Agency of Japan, for their assistance to MS’s expedition to Ariake Sea and Omura Bay for sample collection. QL’s graduate students helped MS to collect oysters in Qingdao.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research Center for Aquatic Genomics, National Research Institute of Fisheries Science, Fisheries Research Agency of Japan, 2-12-4 Fuku-ura, Kanazawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 2368648, Japan

    Masashi Sekino

  2. The Tohoku University Museum, 6-3 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi, 9808578, Japan

    Shin’ichi Sato

  3. Department of Ocean Sciences, Inha University, 100 Inharo, Nam-gu, Incheon, 402751, Republic of Korea

    Jae-Sang Hong

  4. Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003, China

    Qi Li

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  1. Masashi Sekino
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  2. Shin’ichi Sato
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  3. Jae-Sang Hong
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  4. Qi Li
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Correspondence to Masashi Sekino.

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Communicated by T. Reusch.

Appendices

Appendix 1

See Table 6.

Table 6 DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank accession numbers for the nucleotide sequences of studied Crassostrea oysters
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Appendix 2

See Table 7.

Table 7 List of codons with inter-species fixed replacement substitutions and intra-species replacement polymorphisms
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Appendix 3

See Table 8.

Table 8 Pairwise F ST estimated for sample combinations within Crassostrea sikamea and C. gigas
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Sekino, M., Sato, S., Hong, JS. et al. Contrasting pattern of mitochondrial population diversity between an estuarine bivalve, the Kumamoto oyster Crassostrea sikamea, and the closely related Pacific oyster C. gigas . Mar Biol 159, 2757–2776 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-012-2037-z

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