Skip to main content
Log in

Surgery on pituitary adenomas in patients in a subarctic region

  • Originals
  • Published:
Neurosurgical Review Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

The present series consists of 18 consecutive patients with pituitary adenomas operated on between 1977 and 1979 using the transfrontal route. Ten adenomas were 10, 20 or 30 times the normal maximum size of the pituitary measured according to Di Chiro and Nelson's (2) index (Table 2). Tumours without obvious suprasellar growth were operated on using the trans—sphenoidal route and thus are not included in the present series.

Large and giant pituitary adenomas are preferably removed by the transfrontal route and using microsurgical techniques. Really poor vision associated with very large tumours seem to improve but not to normal level. A blind eye stays blind. Less poor vision returns to normal (Table 4). Prolactin values associated with giant prolactinomas are extremely high and may remain raised even after apparently radical extirpation. Isolated tumour-containing sellar crypts associated with these large tumours may be responsible for this observation. Postoperative radiotherapy and bromocriptine administration therefore seem advisable. Further operations may be necessary on patients with extensive posterior or lateral growths. Redundant partially intraosseal tumour fragments may be more easily removed later, possibly owing to the beneficial effects of radiation therapy. It is hoped that large and giant adenomas in the future will pass into history, even in the peripheral parts of the world. The trans—sphenoidal approach is always a better solution than the transfrontal approach whenever it can be carried out, but it requires earlier diagnosis.

Zusammenfassung

Die vorliegende Serie besteht aus 18 fortlaufend operierten Patienten mit Hypophysenadenomen in den Jahren 1977 bis 1979. Es wurde der transfrontale Zugang gewählt. Die Adenome waren 10, 20 oder 30mal so groß wie die maximale Größe der Hypophyse, wenn man den DiChiro- und Nelson-Index anwendet (Tab. 2). Tumoren ohne faßbares supraselläres Wachstum wurden transsphenoidal operiert. Sie sind in diese Serie nicht eingeschlossen. Große und riesige Hypophysenadenome werden vorzugsweise transfrontal operiert, wobei eine mikrochirurgische Technik angewandt wird. Wirklich schlechter Visus bei sehr großen Tumoren besserte sich danach, aber nicht bis zur Norm. Ein blindes Auge bleibt auch blind. Ist die Herabsetzung der Sehkraft weniger stark, so kann eine Wiedererholung bis zur Norm erfolgen (Tab. 4). Die Prolactinspiegel bei Riesenprolactinomen sind sehr hoch und bleiben auch nach anscheinend radikalen Operationen erhöht. Dafür mögen isolierte Tumorgewebe enthaltende Crypten im Sellagebiet verantwortlich sein, die mit den großen Tumoren verbunden sind. Postoperative Radiotherapie und Medikation von Bromocryptin sollten daher verabreicht werden. Reoperationen können bei Patienten mit Tumorwachstum nach hinten oder lateral notwendig werden. Noch übriggebliebene, teilweise intraosseale Tumorfragmente werden später leichter entfernt, möglicherweise infolge der sich günstig auswirkenden Radiotherapie. Wir hoffen aber, daß das Vorkommen von großen und Riesenadenomen in der Zukunft nur noch „Geschichte“ sein wird, selbst in den peripheren Teilen der Welt. Der transsphenoidale Weg ist, wenn er angewandt werden kann, immer die bessere Lösung des Tumorproblems als der transfrontale Zugang. Er erfordert jedoch eine frühere Diagnose.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

Bibliography

  1. Balagura, S., A. G. Franz, E. M. Housepian, P. W. Carmel: The specificity of serum prolactin as a diagnostic indicator of pituitary adenoma. J. Neurosurg. 51 (1979) 42–46.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Di Chiro, G., K. B. Nelson: The volume of the sella turcica. Amer. J. Radiol. 87 (1962) 989–1008.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Fahlbusch, R., F. Marguth: Developments in surgical treatment of pituitary adenomas. Neurosurg. Rev. 1 (1978) 5–13.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Fahlbusch, R., K. V. Werder: Treatment of Pituitary Adenomas. Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart 1978.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Gross, C. E., E. F. Binet, J. V. Esquerra: Metrizamide cisternography in the evaluation of pituitary adenomas and the empty sella syndrome. J. Neurosurg. 50 (1979) 472–476.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Hardy, J.: Trans-sphenoidal surgery of hypersecreting pituitary tumors. In: Kohler, P. O., G. T. Ross: Diagnosis and Treatment of Pituitary Tumors. Excerpta Medica, Amsterdam 1973

    Google Scholar 

  7. Hardy, J., H. Beauregard, F. Robert: Prolactinsecreting pituitary adenomas: Trans-sphenoidal microsurgical treatment. In: Robyn, C., H. Harter: Progress in Prolactin Physiology and Pathology. Elsevier/North Holland Biomedical Press, Amsterdam 1978

    Google Scholar 

  8. Johansson, I., C. Rådberg: Radiologic examination of pituitary adenomas. 32nd Ann. Meet. Scand. Neurosurg. Soc. Linköping 1980.

  9. Kjellberg, R. N., B. Kliman: Bragg peak proton hypophysectomy for hyperpituitarism, induced hypopituitarism and neoplasms. Progr. neur. Surg. 6 (1975) 295–325.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Lawrence, J. H., C. A. Tobias, J. A. Linfoot, J. L. Born, J. T. Lyman, C. Y. Chong, E. Manougian, W. C. Wei: Successful treatment of acromegaly. Metabolic and clinical studies in 145 patients. J. clin. Endocrin. 31 (1970) 180–198.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Lüdecke, D. K., H. D. Hermann, U. Desaga, W. Saeger: Mode of therapy of endocrine active pituitary adenomas. 32nd Ann. Meet. Scand. Neurosurg. Soc. Linköping 1980.

  12. MacGregor, A. M., M. F. Scanlon, K. Hall, D. B. Cook, R. Hall: Reduction in size of a pituitary tumor by bromocriptine therapy. New. Engl. J. Med. 300 (1979) 291–293.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Muhr, C., K. Bergstrom, P. Enoksson, R. Hugosson, P. O. Lundberg: Follow-up study with computerized tomography and clinical evaluation 5 to 10 years after surgery for pituitary adenoma. J. Neurosurg. 53 (1980) 144–148.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Nyström, S. H. M., L. Hiisi-Brummer: Late results of surgery on tumors in the pituitary region. Fi, Läkaresällsk. Handl. 118 (1974) 29–34.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Ray, B. S., R. H. Patterson: Surgical experience with chromophobe adenomas of pituitary gland. J. Neurosurg. 34 (1971) 726–729.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Richmond, I. L., T. H. Newton, C. B. Wilson: Indications for angiography in the preoperative evaluation of patients with prolactin-secreting pituitary adenomas. J. Neurosurg. 52 (1980) 378–380.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Stern, W. E., U. Batzdorf: Intracranial removal of pituitary adenomas. An evaluation of varying degrees of excision from partial to total. J. Neurosurg. 33 (1970)564–573.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Symon, L., J. Jakubowski: Transcranial management of pituitary tumours with suprasellar extension. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiat. 42(1979)123–133.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Nyström, S.H.M., Rönty, H.S., Heikkinen, E.R. et al. Surgery on pituitary adenomas in patients in a subarctic region. Neurosurg. Rev. 4, 173–177 (1981). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01743706

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01743706

Key words

Schlüsselwörter

Navigation