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Biomass Production Potentials Under Temperate Agroforestry Systems as Influenced by Selected Sustainability Indicators: A Case Study Approach with Supportive Evidence

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Agroforestry for Degraded Landscapes

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Abstract

The research data presented in this chapter are from two long-term ecological research sites managed by the University of Guelph’s agroforestry research and development team. One of these sites is a tree-based intercropping site close to the University, and the other is an integrated riparian management site, located at Washington Creek, Ontario, Canada. In this chapter, we have included the analyses of several sustainability indicators that were measured from these long-term ecological research studies conducted at the above sites. We have used them as evidence to support sustainable production of biomass in temperate agroforestry systems. The selected sustainability indicators are soil carbon (C), soil quality, system-level C sequestration, biodiversity, water quality, nutrient cycling and availability, other components of the biophysical environment, and potential greenhouse gas reduction mechanisms. The chapter discusses these sustainability indicators and their influence on biomass production. At the production level, the underlying assumption is that maintenance of these sustainability indicators above a given threshold level should contribute to continuous sustainable biomass production. Among temperate agroforestry systems, riparian buffer plantings have the greatest potential to produce biomass while enhancing biodiversity, and environmental and ecosystem services. The reason for this is that the tree density in riparian plantings can be substantially increased over other types of agroforestry systems, since there are no associated annual crops grown under the plantings. In addition, as they are established at the terrestrial-aquatic interface of both lakes and streams, competition for moisture is seldom a limiting factor. They also exert a disproportionate regulatory influence over many important ecological processes—both terrestrial and aquatic in nature—at many scales. In tree-based intercropping systems, short-rotation woody crops (SRWC) or herbaceous biomass crops can be grown in between the tree rows. Along the tree rows, however, high-value timber trees can be grown for long-term economic benefits with the SRWC grown in the alleys to generate short-term revenues from biomass production while contributing to environmental services as described in this chapter.

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Acknowledgments

The authors gratefully acknowledge the funding received from the Agriculture and AgriFood Canada (AAFC), Government of Canada, toward this work. The authors would also like to express their deepest gratitude to all of the respective researchers from the University of Guelph whose contributions are cited in this chapter.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada

    N. V. Thevathasan, A. B. Bazrgar, A. M. Gordon & B. Coleman

  2. Department of Agricultural Sciences, Kashmar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kashmar, Iran

    A. B. Bazrgar

  3. Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada

    S. Silim

  4. Indian Head Research Farm, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Indian Head, SK, Canada

    R. Y. Soolanayakanahally

  5. Southern Biodiversity and Monitering Unit, Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry, Peterborough, ON, Canada

    M. W. Ashiq

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  1. N. V. Thevathasan
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Correspondence to N. V. Thevathasan .

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  1. Natural Resource Management Division, Krishi Anusandhan Bhavan-II, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi, India

    Jagdish Chander Dagar

  2. Department of Botany, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, India

    Sharda Rani Gupta

  3. Department of Range and Forest Resources, Botswana University of Agriculture and Natural Resources (BUAN), Gaborone, Botswana

    Demel Teketay

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Thevathasan, N.V. et al. (2020). Biomass Production Potentials Under Temperate Agroforestry Systems as Influenced by Selected Sustainability Indicators: A Case Study Approach with Supportive Evidence. In: Dagar, J.C., Gupta, S.R., Teketay, D. (eds) Agroforestry for Degraded Landscapes. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6807-7_1

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