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Physiological, Biochemical, and Molecular Mechanism of Nitric Oxide-Mediated Abiotic Stress Tolerance

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Plant Growth Regulators

Abstract

Nitric oxide (NO) is an important signaling molecule with broad-spectrum physiological and biochemical properties. It is involved in the induction of various intracellular processes like a defense mechanism of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in challenging environmental conditions. The discovery of NO has led to investigating its synthesis in animals and plants. The primary source for NO synthesis is nitric oxide synthetase (NOS) which regulates nitrite and arginine in plants and arginine to citrulline. Abiotic stress is a major barrier to the defense mechanism and growth of plants. It is defined as the negative impact of some non-living on living organisms in specified environmental conditions. To understand stress tolerance and response, it is important to focus on the cause of stress like herbicides, flooding, heavy metal, high light intensities, salinity, UB radiation, drought, temperature, ozone environmental conditions, and climate change. NO plays an impotent role in managing abiotic stresses that came into the limelight in the last decade. Various studies have been performed to understand the defense mechanism of NO and its biosynthesis in plants, but several queries remain unsolved which can explain the physiological and biochemical mechanism of NO. In this chapter, we compile all the progress of NO researches in abiotic stress tolerance of plants.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, India

    Khushwant Singh

  2. Department of Pharmacology, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Ila Shukla

  3. Postgraduate Department of Dravyaguna, State Ayurvedic College and Hospital, Lucknow, India

    Ajay Kumar Tiwari

  4. Department of Chemistry, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, India

    Lubna Azmi

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  1. Khushwant Singh
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  2. Ila Shukla
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  3. Ajay Kumar Tiwari
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  4. Lubna Azmi
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India

    Tariq Aftab

  2. Department of Biological Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

    Khalid Rehman Hakeem

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Singh, K., Shukla, I., Tiwari, A.K., Azmi, L. (2021). Physiological, Biochemical, and Molecular Mechanism of Nitric Oxide-Mediated Abiotic Stress Tolerance. In: Aftab, T., Hakeem, K.R. (eds) Plant Growth Regulators. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-61153-8_11

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