Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Black Seed (Nigella sativa) Oil

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Fruit Oils: Chemistry and Functionality

Abstract

Black cumin (Nigella Sativa) seed is native to Asia and is often known as black seed oil. Studies on the black cumin seed oil have shown combating superbugs like Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) or Helicobacter pylori. Nigella Sativa seeds are carminative, helping aid in digestion, gas, bloating, and stomach pain. The seed oil contains myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, palmitoleic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, and arachidonic acid. The seeds also contain proteins and vitamins B1, B2, B3, calcium, folate, iron, copper, zinc and phosphorous. Over 600 studies have shown the effect of black cumin seed oil with promising potential of using black cumin seed oil for dealing with autoimmune disease. The most studied active compounds in black seed oil were crystalline nigellone and thymoquinone. Anti-asthmatic effects of black seed oil have been established and found to be more effective than conventional treatments. Similar properties make it beneficial for relieving allergies in human. Skin diseases, like eczema and psoriasis are also treated with black seed oil. It is helpful in soothing inflammation and improving the healing of skin headings. The growth of colon cancer cells without any side effects have also shown to be inhibited by black seed oil. This chapter will provide a scientific review on the composition and functional properties of black cumin seed oil.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 79.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 99.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 139.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Abbreviations

AED:

Anti-epilepsy drugs

AKT:

Regulators of cell signaling

DCFH:

2,7-dichlorodihydrofluorescein

DPPH:

2,2′-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl

FFA:

Free fatty acids

FRAC:

Ferrous reducing antioxidant capacity

NSO:

Nigella seed oil

RMSEC:

Root mean square error of calibration

TFA:

Total fatty acids

UFA:

Unsaturated fatty acids

References

  • Abdel-Wahhab, M. A., & Ali, S. E. (2005). Antioxidant property of Nigella sativa (black cumin) and Syzygium aromaticum (clove) in rats during aflatoxicosis. Journal of Applied Toxicology, 5, 218–223.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Abukhader, M. M. (2013). Department of pharmacy, Oman Medical College, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman, “Thymoquinone in the clinical treatment of cancer: Fact or fiction?”. Pharmacognosy Reviews, 7(14), 117–120. PMID: 24347919.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Agradi, E., Fico, G., Cillo, F., Francisci, C., & Tomè, F. (2002). Estrogenic activity of Nigella damascena extracts, evaluated using a recombinant yeast screen. Phytotherapy Research, 16, 414–416.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Al-Hader, A., Aqel, M., & Hasan, Z. (1993). Hypoglycemic effects of the volatile oil of Nigella sativa seeds. International Journal of Pharmacognosy, 31(2), 96–100.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ali, B. H., & Blunden, G. (2003). Pharmacological and toxicological properties of Nigella sativa. Phytotherapy Research, 17, 299–305.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ali, M. A., Sayeed, M. A., Alam, M. S., Yeasmin, M. S., Khan, A. M., & Muhamad, I. I. (2012). Characteristics of oils and nutrient contents of Nigella sativa Linn. and Trigonella foenum-graecum seeds. Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Ethiopia, 26, 55–64.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Al-Kayssi, A. W., Shihab, R. M., & Mustafa, S. H. (2011). Impact of soil water stress on nigellone oil content of black cumin seeds grown in calcareous-gypsifereous soils. Agricultural Water Management, 100, 46–57.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Alzoreky, N. S., & Nakahara, K. (2003). Antimicrobial activity of extracts from some edible plants commonly consumed in Asia. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 80, 223–230.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Aqel, M. B. (1993). Effects of Nigella sativa seeds on intestinal smooth muscle. International Journal of Pharmacognosy, 31(1), 55–60.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Aqel, M. (1995). The relaxing effects of the volatile oil of Nigella sativa seeds on vascular smooth muscles. Dirasat, 19, 91–100.

    Google Scholar 

  • Aqel, & Shaheen, R. (1996). Effects of the volatile oil of Nigella sativa seeds on the uterine smooth muscle of rat and guinea pig. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 52(1), 23–26.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Atta, M. B. (2003). Some characteristics of Nigella (Nigella sativa L.) seed cultivated in Egypt and its lipid profile. Food Chemistry, 83, 63–68.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Badary, O. A., Taha, R. A., Gamal el-Din, A. M., & Abdel-Wahab, M. H. (2003). Thymoquinone is a potent superoxide anion scavenger. Drug and Chemical Toxicology, 26, 87–98.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ballero, M., & Fresu, I. (1993). Le piante di uso officinale nella Barbagia di Seui (Sardegna Centrale). Fitoterapia, 64, 141–150.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bekemeier, H., Leuschner, G., & Schmollack, W. (1967). Antipyretische, antiödematöse und analgetische Wirkung von Damascenin im Vergleich mit Acetylsalicylsäure und Phenylbutazon. Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Thérapie, 168, 199–211.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Boskabady, M. H., & Shirmohammadi, B. (2002). Effect of Nigella sativa on isolated guinea pig trachea. Archives of Iranian Medicine, 5(2), 103–107.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bourgou, S., Pichette, A., Marzouk, B., & Legault, J. (2010a). Bioactivities of black cumin essential oil and its main terpenes from Tunisia. South African Journal of Botany, 76, 210–216.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bourgou, S., Bettaieb, I., Saidani, M., & Marzouk, B. (2010b). Fatty acids, essential oil, and phenolics modifications of black cumin fruit under NaCl stress conditions. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 58, 12399–12406.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Butta, M. S., & Sultana, M. T. (2010). Nigella sativa: Reduces the risk of various maladies. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 50, 654–665.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cheikh-Rouhou, S., Besbes, S., Hentati, B., Blecker, C., Deroanne, C., & Attia, H. (2007). Nigella sativa L.: Chemical composition and physicochemical characteristics of lipid fraction. Food Chemistry, 101(2), 673–681. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2006.02.022.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cikman, O., Ozkan, A., Aras, A. B., Soylemez, O., Alkis, H., Taysi, S., & Karaayvaz, M. (2014). Radioprotective effects of Nigella Sativa oil against oxidative stress in liver tissue of rats exposed to total head irradiation. Journal of Investigative Surgery, 27(5), 262–266. PMID: 24679182.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • D’Antuono, L. F., Moretti, A., & Lovato, A. F. S. (2002). Seed yield, yield components, oil content and essential oil content and composition of Nigella sativa L. and Nigella damascena L. Industrial Crops and Products, 15, 59–69.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ferdous, A. J., Islam, S. N., Ahsan, M., Hasan, C. M., & Ahmed, Z. U. (1992). In vitro antibacterial activity of the volatile oil of Nigella sativa seeds against multiple drug-resistant isolates of Shigella spp. and isolates of Vibrio cholerae and Escherichia coli. Phytotherapy Research, 6(3), 137–140.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gargari, B., Attary, V. E., Rafraf, M., & Gorbani, A. (2009). Effect of dietary supplementation with Nigella sativa L. on serum lipid profile, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defense system in hyperlipidemic rabbits. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 3, 815–821.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gharby, S., Harhar, H., Guillaume, D., Raudani, A., Boulbaroud, S., Ibrahimi, M., Ahmed, M., Sultana, S., Hadda, T. B., Moussaoui, I. C., & Charrouf, Z. (2015). Chemical investigation of Nigella sativa L. seed oil produced in Morocco. Journal of the Saudi Society of Agricultural Sciences, 14(2), 172–177.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hai, Z., Wang, J. (2006). Electronic nose and data analysis for detection of maize oil adulteration in sesame oil. Sensors and Actuators B 119(2):449–455.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hamrouni-Sellami, I., Kchouk, M. E., & Marzouk, B. (2003). Lipid and aroma composition of black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) seeds from Tunisia. Journal of Food Biochemistry, 32, 335–352.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hanafy, M. S., & Hatem, M. E. (1991). Studies on the antimicrobial activity of Nigella sativa seed (black cumin). Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 34, 275–278.

    Google Scholar 

  • Heiss, A. G., & Oeggl, K. (2005). The oldest evidence of Nigella damascena L. (Ranunculaceae and its possible introduction to central Europe). Vegetation History and Archaeobotany, 14(4), 562–570.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hort, A. (Ed.). (1916). Theophrastos Πɛρίϕυτικώνίστοριών [Peri phytikon historion, Enquiry into plants] vol 2 reprinted 1961. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hosseinzadeh, H., Parvardeh, S., Asl, M. N., Sadeghnia, H. R., & Ziaee, T. (2007). Effect of thymoquinone and Nigella sativa seeds oil on lipid peroxidation level during global cerebral ischemiareperfusion injury in rat hippocampus. Phytomedicine, 14, 621–627.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Houghton, P. J., Zarka, R., de las Heras, B., & Hoult, J. R. (1995). Fixed oil of Nigella sativa and derived thymoquinone inhibit eicosanoid generation in leukocytes and membrane lipid peroxidation. Planta Medica, 61, 33–36.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ilhan, A., Gurel, A., Armutcu, F., Kamisli, S., & Iraz, M. (2005). Antiepileptogenic and antioxidant effects of Nigella sativa oil against pentylenetetrazol-induced kindling in mice. Neuropharmacology, 49, 456–464.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ismail, M., Al-Naqeep, G., & Chan, K. W. (2010). Nigella sativa thymoquinone-rich fraction greatly improves plasma antioxidant capacity and expression of antioxidant genes in hypercholesterolemic rats. Free Radical Biology & Medicine, 48(5), 664–672.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kanter, M., Coskun, O., & Uysal, H. (2006). The antioxidative and antihistaminic effect of Nigella sativa and its major constituent, thymoquinone on ethanol-induced gastric mucosal damage. Archives of Toxicology, 80, 217–224.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kaskoos, R. A. (2011). Fatty acids composition of black cumin oil from Iraq. Research Journal of Medicinal Plants, 5(1), 85–89.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kausar, H., Abidin, L., & Mujeeb, M. (2018). Comparative assessment of extraction methods and quantitative estimation of thymoquinone in the seeds of Nigella sativa L by HPLC. International Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemical Research. https://doi.org/10.25258/phyto.v9i12.11186.

  • Khan, M. A. (1999). Chemical composition and medicinal properties of Nigella sativa Linn. Inflammopharmacology, 7, 15–35.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Khan, N., Sharma, S., & Sultana, S. (2003). Nigella sativa (black cumin) ameliorates potassium bromate-induced early events of carcinogenesis: Diminution of oxidative stress. Human & Experimental Toxicology, 22, 193–203.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Khan, M. A., Chen, H. C., Tania, M., & Zhang, D. Z. (2011). Anticancer activities of Nigella sativa (black cumin). African Journal of Traditional, Complementary, and Alternative Medicines, 8(5), 226–232. PMID: 22754079.

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Khanna, T., Zaidi, F. A., & Dandiya, P. C. (1993). CNS and analgesic studies on Nigella sativa. Fitoterapia, 64(5), 407–410.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Khoddami, A., Ghazali, H. M., Yassoralipour, A., Ramakrishnan, Y., & Ganjloo, A. (2011). Physicochemical characteristics of Nigella seed (Nigella sativa L.) oil as affected by different extraction methods. Journal of the American Oil Chemists’ Society, 88(4), 533–540.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kishore, K. (2013). A review on therapeutic potential of Nigella sativa: A miracle herb. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine, 3(5), 337–352.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kruk, I., Michalska, T., Lichszteld, K., Kladna, A., & Aboul-Enein, H. Y. (2000). The effect of thymol and its derivatives on reactions generating reactive oxygen species. Chemosphere, 41, 1059–1064.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lai, Y. W., Kemsley, E. K., & Wilson, R. H. (1995). Quantitative analysis of potential adulterants of extra virgin olive oil using infrared spectroscopy. Food Chemistry, 53(1), 95–98.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lee, D. S., Lee, E. S., Kim, H. J., Kim, S. O., & Kim, K. (2001). Reversed phase liquid chromatographic determination of triacylglycerol composition in sesame oils and the chemometric detection of adulteration. Analytica Chimica Acta, 429(2), 321–330.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mabrouk, G. M., Moselhy, S. S., Zohny, S. F., Ali, E. M., Helal, T. E., Amin, A. A., & Khalifa, A. A. (2002). Inhibition of methylnitrosourea (MNU) induced oxidative stress and carcinogenesis by orally administered bee honey and Nigella grains in Sprague Dawely rats. Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research, 21(3), 341–346. PMID: 12385575.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mahfouz M, El-Dakhakhny M. (1960) ome chemical and pharmacological properties of the new antiasthmatic drug, Nigellone. Egyptian Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 6, 357–360.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mahgoub, S., Ramadan, M. F., & El-Zahar, K. (2013). Cold pressed Nigella sativa oil inhibits the growth of food-borne pathogens and improves the quality of Domiati cheese. Journal of Food Safety, 33, 470–480.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mansour, M. A., Ginawi, O. T., El-Hadiyah, T., El-Khatib, A. S., Al-Shabanah, O. A., & Al-Sawaf, H. A. (2001). Effects of volatile oil constituents of Nigella sativa on carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in mice: Evidence for antioxidant effects of thymoquinone. Research Communications in Molecular Pathology and Pharmacology, 110, 239–251.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Matthäus, B., & Özcan, M. M. (2011). Fatty acids, tocopherol and sterol contents of some Nigella species seed oil. Czech Journal of Food Sciences, 29, 145–150.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mohammad, S. A., Mehrnoush, D., Nizal, S., Sedigeh, A., & Alireza, G. (2012). Clinical evaluation of Nigella Sativa seeds for the treatment of hyperlipidemia: A randomized, placebo controlled clinical trial. Medical Archives Sarajevo, 66(3), 198. https://doi.org/10.5455/medarh.2012.66.198-200.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mohammad, N. K., Manap, M. Y. A., Tan, C. P., Belal, J. M., Alhelli, A. M., & Hussin, S. M. (2016). The effects of different extraction methods on antioxidant properties, chemical composition, and thermal behavior of black seed (Nigella sativa L.) oil. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2016, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/6273817. PMCID: PMC5015008.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nagi, M. N., Alam, K., Badary, O. A., al-Shabanah, O. A., al-Sawaf, H. A., & al-Bekairi, A. M. (1999). Thymoquinone protects against carbon tetrachloride hepatotoxicity in mice via an antioxidant mechanism. Biochemistry and Molecular Biology International, 47, 153–159.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nergiz, C., & Otles, S. (1993). Chemical composition of Nigella sativa L. seeds. Food Chemistry, 48, 259–261.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nickavar, B. F., Javidnia, M. K., & Amoli, M. A. R. (2003). Chemical composition of the fixed and volatile oils of Nigella sativa L. from Iran. Zeitschrift für Naturforschung. Section C, 58, 629–631.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nurrulhidayah, A. F., Che Man, Y. B., Al-Kahtani, H. A., & Rohman, A. (2011). Application of FTIR spectroscopy coupled with chemometrics for authentication of Nigella sativa seed oil. Spectroscopy, 25(5), 243–250.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ramadan, M. F. (2007). Nutritional value, functional properties and nutraceuticals applications of black cumin (Nigella sativa L.): An overview. International Journal of Food Science and Technology, 42, 1208–1218.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ramadan, M. F., & Morsel, J. T. (2002a). Neutral lipids classes of black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) seed oil. European Food Research and Technology, 214, 202–206. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-001-0423-8.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ramadan, M. F., & Morsel, J. T. (2002b). Direct isocratic normal-phase assay of fat-soluble vitamins and beta-carotene in oilseeds. European Food Research and Technology 214(6), 521–527.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ramadan, M. F., & Morsel, J. T. (2003a). Analysis of glycolipids from black cumin (Nigella sative L.), coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) and Niger (Guizotia abyssinica Cass.) oil seeds. Food Chemistry, 80, 197–204.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ramadan, M. F., & Morsel, J. T. (2003b). Determination of lipid classes and fatty acid profile of niger (Guizotia abyssinica Cass.) seed oil. Phytochemical Analysis 14(6), 366–370.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ramadan, M. F., & Morsel, J. T. (2004). Oxidative stability of black cumin (Nigella sativa L.), coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) and Niger (Guizotia abyssinica Cass.) crude seed oils upon stripping. European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology, 106, 35–43. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejlt.200300895.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Randhawa, M. A., & Alghamdi, M. S. (2011). Anticancer activity of Nigella sativa (black seed)-a review. The American Journal of Chinese Medicine, 39(6), 1075–1091. PMID: 22083982.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rathee, P. S., Mishra, S. H., & Kaushal, R. (1982). Antimicrobial activity of essential oil, fixed oil and unsaponifiable matter of Nigella sativa Linn. Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 44(1), 8–10.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rohman, A., & Ariani, R. (2013). Authentication of Nigella sativa seed oil in binary and ternary mixtures with corn oil and soybean oil using FTIR spectroscopy coupled with partial least square. The Scientific World Journal, 1–6. doi:https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/740142.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Seo, H.-Y., Ha, J., Shin, D.-B., et al. (2010). Detection of corn oil in adulterated sesame oil by chromatography and carbon isotope analysis. Journal of the American Oil Chemists’ Society, 87(6), 621–626.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shawki, M., El-Wakeel, L., Shatla, R., EL-Saeed, G., Ibrahim, S., & Badary, O. (2013). The clinical outcome of adjuvant therapy with black seed oil on intractable pediatric seizures: A pilot study. Epileptic Disorders, 15(3), 295–301.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Singh, G., Marimuthu, P., Heluani, C. S., & Catalan, C. (2005). Chemical constituents and antimicrobial and antioxidant potentials of essential oil and acetone extract of Nigella sativa seeds. Journal of Science and Food Agriculture, 85, 2297–2306.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Solati, Z., Baharin, B. S., & Bagheri, H. (2014). Antioxidant property, thymoquinone content and chemical characteristics of different extracts from Nigella sativa L. seeds. Journal of the American Oil Chemists’ Society, 91(2), 295–300. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11746-013-2362-5.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sultan, M. T., Butt, M. S., Anjum, F. M., Jamil, A., Akhtar, S., & Nasir, M. (2009). Nutritional profile of indigenous cultivar of black cumin seeds and antioxidant potential of its fixed and essential oil. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 41, 1321–1330.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Swamy, S. M. K., & Tan, B. K. H. (2000). Cytotoxic and immunopotentiating effects of ethanolic extract of Nigella sativa L. seeds. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 70(1), 1–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tariq, S., Masud, T., Tariq, S., & Sohail, A. (2014). Black seed (Nigella sativa) possess bioactive compounds act as anti-helicobacter pylori agent. World Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2(2), 203–209.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thomas, J. P. (2018). Health impact news http://healthimpactnews.com/2014/black-seed-oil-cures-many-cancers-according-to-numerous-studies/.

  • Toma, C. C., Simu, G. M., Hanganu, D., Neliolah, Vata, G. F. M., Hammami, C., & Hammami, M. (2013). Chemical composition of Tunisian Nigella sativa note II profile on fatty oil. Farmácia, 61(3), 454–458.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ur Rehman, F., Khan, M. A., & Marwat, S. K. (2009). Effect of prophetic medicine kalonji (Nigella sativa L.) on lipid profile of human beings an in vivo approach. World Applied Sciences Journal, 6(8), 1053–1057.

    Google Scholar 

  • Viuda-Marto, M., Mohamady, M. A., Fernández-López, J., Abd ElRazik, K. A., Omer, E. A., Pérez-Alvarez, J. A., & Sendra, E. (2011). In vitro antioxidant and antibacterial activities of essentials oils obtained from Egyptian aromatic plants. Food Control, 22, 1715–1722.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Woo, C. C., Kumar, A. P., Sethi, G., & Tan, K. H. (2012). Thymoquinone: Potential cure for inflammatory disorders and cancer. Biochemical Pharmacology, 83, 443–451. PMID: 22005518.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Worthen, D. R., Ghosheh, O. A., & Crooks, P. A. (1998). The in vitro anti-tumor activity of some crude and purified components of black seed, Nigella sativa L. Anticancer Research, 18(3), 1527–1532.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zohary, D., & Hopf, M. (2000). Domestication of plants in the old world (3rd ed., p. 206). Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Lovely Professional University, GT Road, Chaheru, Punjab, India

    Omprakash H. Nautiyal

Authors
  1. Omprakash H. Nautiyal
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Agricultural Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt

    Mohamed Fawzy Ramadan

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Nautiyal, O.H. (2019). Black Seed (Nigella sativa) Oil. In: Ramadan, M. (eds) Fruit Oils: Chemistry and Functionality. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12473-1_46

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation