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The Molecular Structure and Gating of Calcium Channels

  • Chapter
Ion Channels and Ion Pumps

Part of the book series: Endocrinology and Metabolism ((EAM,volume 6))

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Abstract

The concentration of cytosolic free calcium is of critical importance for the control of many essential cellular functions. A diverse array of Ca2+ transporting systems acts to maintain the steep concentration gradient between the millimolar concentrations of extracellular Ca2+ and resting intracellular concentrations of about 0.1 uM. These low resting concentrations are maintained by several pumps and exchange mechanisms that transport Ca2+ either out of the cell or into intracellular storage sites. A rise in intracellular calcium to micromolar levels initiates many physiologic responses, including excitation-contraction and excitation-secretion coupling. The influx of calcium ions through calcium-selective channels in the plasma membrane plays an important role in these transient increases in concentration. Although the plasma membrane is normally virtually impermeable to Ca2+, the opening of calcium channels allows Ca2+ to move into the cell down its steep electrochemical gradient.

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Authors
  1. Susan M. J. Dunn
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  2. Manjunatha B. Bhat
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  3. A. Murat Öz
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. 48323, 2104 Rhine Road, West Bloomfield, MI, USA

    Piero P. Foà M.D., Sc.D. (Professor Emeritus) (Professor Emeritus)

  2. Department of Physiology, Wayne State University, 48202, Detroit, MI, USA

    Piero P. Foà M.D., Sc.D. (Professor Emeritus) (Professor Emeritus)

  3. Section of Endocrinology,Department of Internal Medicine,School of Medicine, Wayne State University, 48202, Detroit, MI, USA

    Mary F. Walsh Ph.D. (Assistant Professor) (Assistant Professor)

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Dunn, S.M.J., Bhat, M.B., Öz, A.M. (1994). The Molecular Structure and Gating of Calcium Channels. In: Foà, P.P., Walsh, M.F. (eds) Ion Channels and Ion Pumps. Endocrinology and Metabolism, vol 6. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2596-6_1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2596-6_1

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