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Computational Model of Drug-Coated Balloon Delivery in a Patient-Specific Arterial Vessel with Heterogeneous Tissue Composition

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Abstract

Balloon angioplasty followed by local delivery of antiproliferative drugs to target tissue is increasingly being considered for the treatment of obstructive arterial disease, and yet there is much to appreciate regarding pharmacokinetics in arteries of non-uniform disease. We developed a computational model capable of simulating drug-coated balloon delivery to arteries of heterogeneous tissue composition comprising healthy tissue, as well as regions of fibrous, fibro-fatty, calcified and necrotic core lesions. Image processing using an unsupervised clustering technique was used to reconstruct an arterial geometry from a single, patient-specific color image obtained from intravascular ultrasound-derived virtual histology. Transport of free drug was modeled using a time-dependent reaction-diffusion model and the bound, immobilized drug using the time-dependent reaction equation. The governing equations representing the transport of free as well as bound drug along with a set of initial settings and boundary conditions were solved numerically using an explicit finite difference scheme that satisfied the Courant-Friedrichs-Lewy stability criterion. Our results support previous findings related to the transport and binding of drug in arteries where tissue retention is strongly dependent on local pharmacologic properties. Additionally, modeling results indicate that non-uniform disease composition leads to heterogeneous arterial drug distribution patterns, although further validation using animal studies is required to fully appreciate pharmacokinetics in disease-laden arteries.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank Mr. Gweltaz Lever, University of Glasgow, UK for his assistance on border detection of the patient-specific IVUS image. This work was supported by funding from the Charles Stark Draper Laboratory to VBK and in part by funding from Special Assistance Programme (SAP-III) (Grant No. F.510/3/DRS-III/2015 (SAPI)) sponsored by the University Grants Commission, New Delhi, India to PKM.

Conflict of interest

The authors report no conflicts of interest.

Statement of Human Studies

No human subjects were used for this study.

Statement of Animal Studies

No animal subjects were used for this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mathematics, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, 731235, West Bengal, India

    Prashanta K. Mandal

  2. Department of Mathematics, Raiganj Surendranath College, Raiganj, 733134, West Bengal, India

    Sarifuddin

  3. Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, 02118, MA, USA

    Vijaya B. Kolachalama

  4. Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, 02115, MA, USA

    Vijaya B. Kolachalama

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  1. Prashanta K. Mandal
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Correspondence to Vijaya B. Kolachalama.

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Associate Editor Francesco Migliavacca and Editor-in-Chief Ajit P. Yoganathan oversaw the review of this article.

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Mandal, P.K., Sarifuddin & Kolachalama, V.B. Computational Model of Drug-Coated Balloon Delivery in a Patient-Specific Arterial Vessel with Heterogeneous Tissue Composition. Cardiovasc Eng Tech 7, 406–419 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13239-016-0273-y

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