Abstract
To describe the characteristics and treatment outcomes of an unreported, late vitreous hemorrhage due to anterior hyaloidal fibrovascular proliferation in laser-regressed retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Interventional case series. In the ongoing Indian Twin Cities ROP study database, consecutive cases with isolated late vitreous hemorrhage at least one year after laser-regressed disease were analyzed retrospectively. Anterior hyaloidal fibrovascular proliferation was diagnosed primarily using scleral depression. Anterior retinal cryopexy with adjunctive treatments was performed. The main outcome measure was clinical resolution of new vessels with no recurrent hemorrhage over a 1-year period. Vitreous hemorrhage, at two to eight years of age, developed in three eyes of three children out of 1,168 ROP lasered eyes. All had received laser for zone I disease as neonates, with no subsequent sequelae. Evaluation revealed filiform new vessels at the posterior vitreous base involving inferior 180° with absence of any other source of hemorrhage. All underwent anterior retinal cryopexy to the affected area. Simultaneous additional treatment, based on intraoperative findings, included one case each of peripheral laser photocoagulation, lens-sparing vitrectomy and intravitreal bevacizumab. All three showed successful regression and non-recurrence of vitreous hemorrhage with improvement of vision >20/40 at an intermediate follow-up of two years. Anterior hyaloidal fibrovascular proliferation is an unreported and rare cause of vitreous hemorrhage, appearing years after laser-regressed ROP. It has a good response to interventional treatment. Meticulous scleral depression of the vitreous base under anesthesia is useful to detect this rare source of vitreous hemorrhage.
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Acknowledgments
Supported by unrestricted support from Hyderabad Eye Research Foundation. This work received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial or not-for-profit sectors. Data analyzed was collected prospectively as a part of the routine ROP screening program and treatment protocols and was approved by the LV Prasad Eye institutional review board, Hyderabad, India. The tenets of Helsinki were strictly adhered to during the course of the programme. Each treatment was carried out only after obtaining written informed consent from the guardians explaining the risk, benefits and available options.
Conflict of interest
No conflict of interest is reported by any of the contributors. SJ is on the Oxurdex advisory board of Allergan and received an honorarium from Sun Pharmaceuticals as an advisor, not connected to this study.
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Dave, V.P., Jalali, S., Rani, P.K. et al. Characteristics and outcomes of anterior hyaloidal fibrovascular proliferation in lasered retinopathy of prematurity. The Indian Twin Cities Retinopathy of Prematurity Study (ITCROPS) report number 4. Int Ophthalmol 34, 511–517 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-013-9843-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-013-9843-2