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Analysis of Genes Isolated from Plated Hemocytes of the Pacific Oyster, Crassostreas gigas

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Abstract

A complementary deoxyribonucleic acid library was constructed from hemocytes of Crassostrea gigas that had been plated on poly-lysine plates for 24 h. From this library, 2,198 expressed sequence tags (ESTs) of greater than or equal to 100 bp were generated and analyzed. A large number of genes that potentially could be involved in the physiology of the oyster hemocyte were uncovered. They included proteins involved in cytoskeleton rearrangement, proteases and antiproteases, regulators of transcription and translation, cell death regulators, receptors and their associated protein factors, lectins, signal transduction proteins, and enzymes involved in eicosanoid and steroid synthesis and xenobiotic metabolism. Based on their relationship with innate immunity, the expression of selected genes was analyzed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction in gills from bacterial-challenged oysters. Several genes observed in the library were significantly upregulated by bacterial challenge including interleukin 17, astacin, cystatin B, the EP4 receptor for prostaglandin E, the ectodysplasin receptor, c-jun, and the p100 subunit of nuclear factor-kB. Using a similar approach, we have been analyzing the genes expressed in trout macrophages. While there are significant differences between the types of genes present in vertebrate macrophages compared with oyster hemocytes, there are some striking similarities including proteins involved in cytoskeletal rearrangement, proteases and antiproteases, and genes involved in certain signal transduction pathways underlying immune processes such as phagocytosis. Finally, C. virginica homologs of some of the C. gigas genes uncovered in the ESTs were obtained by aligning the ESTs reported here, against the assembled C. virginica ESTs at the National Center for Biotechnology Information.

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Acknowledgments

This research was supported in part by the Cooperative State Research Education and Extension Service, US Department of Agriculture, under Agreement no. 2003-38500-13505 (SR).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington—Seattle, 1122 NE Boat Street, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA

    Steven Roberts & Samuel White

  2. Great Lakes WATER Institute, University of Wisconsin—Milwaukee, 600 E. Greenfield Ave., Milwaukee, WI, 53204, USA

    Giles Goetz & Frederick Goetz

Authors
  1. Steven Roberts
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  2. Giles Goetz
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  3. Samuel White
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  4. Frederick Goetz
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Correspondence to Frederick Goetz.

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Online Appendix

Crassostrea virginica-assembled homologs of selected C. gigas ESTs. Note that the translated products of some of the C. virginica contigs may have stop codons that do not necessarily reflect the true end of the ORF but may be a result of sequencing errors (RTF 73.1 KB)

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Roberts, S., Goetz, G., White, S. et al. Analysis of Genes Isolated from Plated Hemocytes of the Pacific Oyster, Crassostreas gigas . Mar Biotechnol 11, 24–44 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10126-008-9117-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10126-008-9117-6

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