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Analytical quality solid-state composite reference electrode manufactured by injection moulding

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Abstract

An injection moulding method was used for fabricating solid-state reference electrodes (Ag/AgCl type) based on a polymer/inorganic salt composite. In this method, a silver/silver chloride wire was placed inside a mould into which the mixture of polymer and inorganic salt was injected. The obtained solid-state composite reference electrodes were extensively tested to study the influence of different parameters such as solution composition, the concentrations and mobility of ions and pH on the potential stability of the electrodes. These experiments revealed that the composite reference electrodes are insensitive to the matrix effect, have excellent potential readings stability and considerably reduced leakage of inorganic salt. The composite reference electrodes were compared favourably to high-quality commercial reference electrodes. It was concluded that the composite reference electrodes obtained by injection moulding are of analytical quality allowing for continuous, prolonged and intensive usage.

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Acknowledgments

The study was supported by the SalWe Research Program for IMO (Tekes—the Finnish Funding Agency for Technology and Innovation grant 648/10). The authors would like to thank Carl-Johan Wikman for his technical assistance with the injection moulding.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Process Chemistry Centre, c/o Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Åbo Akademi University, Biskopsgatan 8, 20500, Turku, Finland

    Kim Granholm, Zekra Mousavi, Tomasz Sokalski & Andrzej Lewenstam

  2. Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, Mickiewicza 30, 30-059, Krakow, Poland

    Andrzej Lewenstam

Authors
  1. Kim Granholm
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  2. Zekra Mousavi
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  3. Tomasz Sokalski
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  4. Andrzej Lewenstam
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Correspondence to Kim Granholm.

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Granholm, K., Mousavi, Z., Sokalski, T. et al. Analytical quality solid-state composite reference electrode manufactured by injection moulding. J Solid State Electrochem 18, 607–612 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-013-2294-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-013-2294-x

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